the nafion 117 membrane was doped with sio2 particles by sol-gel reaction. the reaction conditions to minimize leaching were investigated by using full factorial design of experiment. the results from the full factorial analysis indicated that the lowest amount of leaching takes place at 60oc without addition of acid and swelling of membranes prior to the reaction. the membranes, prepared at op...

One of the most important Fuel cells (FCs) is Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). The outputvoltage of this FC depends on current loads. This paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofPEMFC, during load variations. The output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. Toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. Here, the Lead-Lag contr...

The fundamentals, standardization, innovative strategies, and future direction of low-temperature water electrolysis including alkaline (AWE), proton exchange membrane (PEMWE), anion (AEMWE) electrolyses are discussed.

Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) is a potentially low-cost and sustainable technology for hydrogen production that combines the advantages of proton traditional alkaline systems.

This paper presents an overview of the synthesis, chemical and electrochemical properties, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell applications of new proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membranes based on hydrocarbon polymers. Due to their chemical stability, high degree of proton conductivity, and remarkable mechanical properties, per ̄uorinated polymer electrolytes such as Na®on, Aciplex, Flemion...

A novel Nafion®-based nanocomposite membrane was synthesized to be applied as direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were coated with a layer of silica and then reacted by chlorosulfonic acid to produce sulfonate-functionalized silicon dioxide coated carbon nanotubes (CNT@SiO2-SO3H). The functionalized CNTs were then introduced to Nafion®, and subsequently, methanol permeab...

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have been receiving more and more attention these recent years. Maintaining a fuel cell system in correct operating conditions requires good system control. The mathematical model of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is described in this paper and a simulation platform is set up, and then the fuzzy logic controller is designed for the proton exchange membra...