Solubility of hydrocarbons in water is important due to ecological concerns and new restrictions on the existence of organic pollutants in water streams. Also, the creation of a thermodynamic model has required an advanced study of the phase equilibrium between water (as a basis for the widest spread muds and amines) and gas hydrocarbon phases in wide temperature and pressure ranges. Therefore,...

The heteronuclear oxo-cluster [VPO4](•+) is generated via electrospray ionization and investigated with respect to both its electronic structure as well as its gas-phase reactivity toward small hydrocarbons, thus permitting a comparison to the well-known vanadium-oxide cation [V2O4](•+). As described in previous studies, the latter oxide exhibits no or just minor reactivity toward small hydroca...

The ionization potentials (IP) of 91 alternant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were determined from the absorption maximum of the charge-transfer complex of each hydrocarbon and chloranil in chloroform. The extent of horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed binding to DNA of 14 hydrocarbons of varying IP was measured. Only hydrocarbons with IP less than approx. 7.35 eV were significantly b...

Several studies have been conducted to develop more accurate and precise indices for hydrocarbons source apportionment. The present study, however, develops a new multi-metric index for hydrocarbons source apportionment. It measures Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration at six stations with well known petrogenic origin, calculating Phe/An, Flu/Py, Chr/BaA, BaA/Chr, An/(An+Ph), Flu/(Fl...

Refineries are a source of emissions of volatile hydrocarbons that contribute to the formation of smog and ozone. Fugitive emissions of hydrocarbons are difficult to measure and quantify. Currently these emissions are estimated based on standard emission factors for the type and use of equipment installed. Differential absorption light detection and ranging (DIAL) can remotely measure concentra...

kharg island as the most important oil export terminal of iran has faced entrance of various oilmaterials, so it seems necessary to know about the amount of these marine oil pollutants and their origin in this area. oil hydrocarbons has entered in this water body as a result of numerous human activities like extraction, refinement, transmission and export of raw oil or from natural and biologic...

Using a novel pine needle agar, fifteen bacterial species were isolated from pine litter. These bacteria were able to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons derived from lignin and utilize the ortho-cleavage of the β-ketoadipate pathway to degrade protocatechuate or catechol. A different utilization array of aromatic hydrocarbons by these bacteria was also determined. This study provides the information...

INTRODUCTION 180 CHEMISTRY OF PETROLEUM BIODEGRADATION . 180 Degradation of Individual Hydrocarbons ...... 180 Degradation of Hydrocarbons Within Petroleum Mixtures ..... 182 TAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS OF HYDROCARBON-UTILIZING MICROORGANISMS .............................. ... .. 184 DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCARBON-UTILIZING MICROORGANISMS ...... 186 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING BIODEGRADATION OF ...

The modern world could not exist without hydrocarbons. Virtually everything we touch is either coated with or made up primarily of hydrocarbon products. Organic chemistry originated during the Industrial Revolution, evolving largely due to advances in coal tar technology. In the coking process, bituminous (soft) coal is heated to liberate coal gas. This gas contains volatile hydrocarbons that c...