[1] The sensitivity of microwave brightness temperatures at the frequencies between 89 and 190 GHz to surface emissivities and hydrometeors in a tropical deep convective cloud system is investigated by simulations, using the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model data of a simulated oceanic tropical squall line as input for a radiative transfer model. It is found that only the window channel at 89 GHz ...

The efficiency of gas transport to the free and upper troposphere in convective clouds is investigated in an axisymmetric dynamic cloud model with detailed microphysics. In particular, we examine the sensitivity of gas transport to the treatment of gas uptake by different ice hydrometeors. Two parameters are used to describe this uptake. The 5 gas retention coefficient defines the fraction of d...

Abstract. A major challenge for in situ observations mixed-phase clouds remains the phase discrimination and sizing of cloud hydrometeors. In this work, we present a new method determining individual hydrometeors based on their angular-light-scattering behavior employed by PHIPS (Particle Habit Imaging Polar Scattering) airborne probe. The algorithm is difference distinct features angular-scatt...

Large ice hydrometeors are usually present in intense convective clouds and may significantly affect the upwelling radiances that are measured by satellite-borne microwave radiometers – especially, at millimeter-wavelength frequencies. Thus, interpretation of these measurements (e.g., for precipitation retrieval) requires knowledge of the single scattering properties of ice particles. On the ot...