BACKGROUND Acid electrolyzed water (AEW), which is produced through the electrolysis of dilute sodium chloride (NaCl) or potassium chloride solution, is used as a disinfectant in various fields because of its potent antimicrobial activity. The hydroxyl radical, an oxygen radical species, is often suggested as a putative active ingredient for AEW antimicrobial activity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL F...

background the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ginger and glibenclamide on oxidative stress markers. oxidative stress is caused by an unbalance between a relative overload of oxidants and depletion of antioxidants, as implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. regarding the role of oxidative stress in th...

A novel fluorometric method was developed and validated for hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity (HOSC) estimation using fluorescein as the probe. A constant flux of pure hydroxyl radical is generated under physiological pH using a Fenton-like Fe3+/H2O2 reaction. The generation of pure hydroxyl radicals under the experimental conditions was evaluated and confirmed using electron spin resonance ...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of troxerutin (TXN) on Nickel (Ni) toxicity by using rats and in vitro model. Ni toxicity induced in male albino wistar rats (20 mg/kg body weight (b.w) was administered orally for 20 days). TXN was administered orally (100 mg/kg (b.w) for 20 days with administration of Ni. The toxic effect of Ni and the action of TXN was measure by determ...

Electrostatics of polar solvation is typically described by harmonic free energy functionals. Polarizability contributes a negative polarization term that can make the harmonic free energy negative. The harmonic truncation fails in this regime. Simulations of polarizable ideal dipoles in water show that water's susceptibility passes through a maximum in the range of polarizabilities zeroing the...

Kynurenines, the main products of tryptophan catabolism, possess both prooxidant and anioxidant effects. Having multiple neuroactive properties, kynurenines are implicated in the development of neurological and cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Autoxidation of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HOK) and its derivatives, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) and xan...

The cytotoxicity of the clinically important antineoplastic quinones doxorubicin, mitomycin C, and diaziridinylbenzoquinone for the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma was significantly reduced or abolished by the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase, the hydroxyl radical scavengers dimethyl sulfoxide, diethylurea, and thiourea, and the iron chelators deferoxamine, 2,2-bipyridine, and di...

Background: Naringenin is a bioactive flavonoid found in grapes and citrus fruits including tangelo, blood orange, lemons, and tangerines. The aims of this study were to investigate the ability of naringenin to scavenge free radicals and determine its ability to protect animals from streptozotocin (STZ) -induced liver damage. Methods: The free radical-scavenging activity of naringenin was ev...

Endogenous and exogenous sources cause free radical-induced DNA damage in living organisms by a variety of mechanisms. The highly reactive hydroxyl radical reacts with the heterocyclic DNA bases and the sugar moiety near or at diffusion-controlled rates. Hydrated electron and H atom also add to the heterocyclic bases. These reactions lead to adduct radicals, further reactions of which yield num...

Chromophore-assisted laser inactivation (CALI) is a technique that selectively inactivates proteins of interest to elucidate their in vivo functions. This method has application to a wide array of biological questions and an understanding of its mechanism is required for its judicious application. We report here that CALI is not mediated by photoinduced thermal denaturation but by photogenerate...