the present study describes approaches for the identification of individual beech trees using maternal tissues from their seeds or fruits. four microsatellite markers were used for genetic analysis of seedlots from fagus orientalis lipsky, a highly out-crossing tree species. seeds from 11 single-tree harvests belonging to one population, (7 seeds from each), as well as non-paranchymatic materna...

abstract. natural populations of carpinus orientalis mill. shrub lands occur mainly in high and middle altitudes of the hyrcanian forests, n. iran, particularly on steep rocks and forest outcrops. there are some discrepancies on the intra-specific delimitation of this important woody species. the aim of the current study was to examine the anatomical variation of stems and leaves of sixteen pop...

Abstract The climate in Southwest China are predominantly under the influences of three contrasting systems, namely East Asian monsoon, South and westerlies. However, it is unclear if diversified combination with complex terrain varying vegetation types, would result patterns changes across region. Based on CRU TS data for period 1901−2017, we examined spatiotemporal characteristics regional cl...

Understanding the effects of landscape change and environmental variability on ecological processes is important for evaluating resource management policies, such as the emulation of natural forest disturbances. We analyzed time series of detection/nondetection data using hierarchical models in a Bayesian multi-model inference framework to decompose the dynamics of species distributions into re...

In this study, the capability of Landsat-8 (L8), Sentinel-2 (S2), Sentinel-1 (S1), and their combination was investigated for estimating aboveground biomass (AGB). A pure stand Fagus Orientalis located in Hyrcanian forest Iran selected as study area. The performance a parametric approach, i.e., Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model non-parametric approaches, k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Random F...

The functional composition of plant communities (FCPC) makes a significant contribution to ecosystem properties, functions, and services. Here, we used 18 traits from the sPlot database v2.1 global forest management type dataset explore links between FCPC. We post hoc Tukey test differences in community-weighted mean (CWM) variance (CWV) among different types [i.e., intact forests, managed fore...