primary angiitis of the central nervous system (pacns) is an idiopathic disorder (vasculitis) restricted to the central nervous system (cns). it often presents with focal neurological deficits suggesting stroke or a combination of confusion and headache. we herein report three cases with various combinations of fever, partial seizure, encephalopathy, paresis, headache and ataxia. one of them wa...

Spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) results from an abnormal accumulation of unencapsulated fat within the epidural space and is a rare cause of spinal cord compression, which needs to be considered with a high index of suspicion. It most commonly occurs secondary to chronic corticosteroid use and endocrinopathies. Idiopathic cases are highly associated with obesity. We report an unusual case of ...

The powerful new tools of genetic investigation are steadily expanding our understanding of the molecular basis of inherited neurological disease. This is particularly so in the context of the inherited ataxias, in which nosological difficulties are beginning to be resolved by a genetically based classification. Harnessing the new knowledge will bring further rewards, including molecular geneti...

friedreich’s ataxia (frda) is a rare autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia which in the majority of cases is associated with a gaa-trinucleotide repeat expansion in the first intron of frataxin gene located on chromosome 9. the clinical features include progressive gait and limb ataxia, cerebellar dysarthria, neuropathy, optic atrophy, and loss of vibration and proprioception. ataxia with ...

Case presentation: A 11-years-old girl, previously healthy, presented with a respiratory infection. Few weeks later, developed myalgia and proximal weakness. Her symptoms worsened promptly and, in week, she lost the ability to walk. She was admitted our hospital presenting confusion, ataxia, dysmetria, facial paralysis, nuchal rigidity, gaze palsy hyporeflexia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed ...

Background and purpose - Idiopathic clubfoot can be bilateral or unilateral; however, most studies of gait have assessed clubfoot cases as one uniform group. The contralateral foot in children with unilateral clubfoot has shown deviations in pedobarographic measurements, but it is seldom included in studies of gait. We evaluated gait in children with idiopathic clubfoot, concentrating on foot i...

Quality of life (QoL) plays a significant role in the treatment of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), yet is so far understudied. This study describes the outcome evaluation of an online questionnaire based on the carer's perception focusing on 62 QoL questions in 159 dogs with IE. Results showed that seizure frequency, but not seizure severity or presence of cluster seizures, was significantl...

A taxia is a broad term that literally means " without order ". The term locomotor ataxia has been most commonly used to refer to motor incoordination. The most widely recognized form, cerebellar ataxia (CA), can be classified as primary, idiopathic, acquired (or secondary) and sporadic 1. Primary, CAs are further subdivided into congenital and hereditary, the latter including autosomal recessi...