We developed an immunogen to stimulate multivalent immunity against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigens (HBcAg). Immune responses specific for both HBsAg and HBcAg play an important role in controlling the infection. HBsAg-specific antibodies mediate elimination of virions at an early stage of infection and prevent the spread of virus. The immunogen was constructed...

background: the witches’ broom disease of lime caused by candidatus phytoplasma aurantifolia, is the most devastating disease of acidian lime in the southern parts of iran. objectives: at present, no effient method has been developed for controlling the disease, therefore quarantine approaches such as early detection and subsequent eradication of infected trees is very important. toward this ...

The PPE (proline-proline-glutamic acid) proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are characterized by a conserved N-terminal domain of approximately 180 amino acids and variable C-terminal domain. Since last decade, these proteins have gained much importance in the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) as they act as a source of antigenic variation. We have demonstrated earlier that one of the PPE p...

Protein arrays provide a powerful approach to study autoimmune disease. Autoimmune responses activate B cells to produce autoantibodies that recognize self-molecules termed autoantigens, many of which are proteins or protein complexes. Protein arrays enable profiling of the specificity of autoantibody responses against panels of peptides and proteins representing known autoantigens as well as c...

Salmonella bacteria causes a wide variety of disease and disease syndrome in different animals, birds including human beings and remains as a serious problem with public health significance throughout the world. A suitable vaccine or suitable immunogen detection system is not yet still available. However, it is interesting to characterize of a common immunodominant surface protein from a wide v...

Recently, we described the improved immunogenicity of new malaria vaccine candidates based on the expression of fusion proteins containing immunodominant epitopes of merozoites and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium flagellin (FliC) protein as an innate immune agonist. Here, we tested whether a similar strategy, based on an immunodominant B-cell epitope from malaria sporozoites, could also...

background: surveillance of the canine reservoir is highly important to help control of visceral leishmaniasis in human. it is therefore imperative to improve and develop new tools reliable, easy to use, and cheap for the diagnosis of canine leishmani asis. k39 sub recombinant antigen of leishmania infantum was expressed in prokaryotic system and evaluated for sero-diagnosis of canine visceral ...

  With advent and development of DNA recombinant technology and advantages of p. pastoris expression system, fusion (F) protein of PPRV expression, because of effective immunodominant role could be an appropriate candidate for production of recombinant vaccine against PPR disease. In this study, F gene of PPRV Nigeria 75/1 strain (1637 bp) was amplified using RT-PCR and purified. It was then cl...

Hantavirus causes two important rodent-borne viral zoonoses, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in North and South America. Twenty-four species that represent sero- and genotypes have been registered within the genus Hantavirus by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Among the viral proteins, nucleocapsid (N) pro...

Diversity among the pathogenic strains of Theileria equi (T. equi), a major agent of equine piroplasmosis, can affect the appropriate detection of parasite and host immunization. Production of recombinant surface proteins from an infected horse in natural endemic area provides a reliable tool for immunodiagnosis of parasite. Regarding this, the present study was targeted toward the cloning, exp...