BACKGROUND Multiple hypersensitivities (MHS) have been described in humans, cats, and dogs, but not horses. HYPOTHESES Horses suffering from recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH), or urticaria (URT) will have an increased risk of also being affected by another one of these hypersensitivities. This predisposition for MHS also will be associated with decreased s...

Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an allergic dermatitis of horses caused by IgE-mediated reactions to bites of insects of the genus Culicoides. IBH does not occur in Iceland due to the absence of Culicoides. However, Icelandic horses exported to mainland Europe as adults (1st generation) have a > or =50% incidence of developing IBH. In contrast, their progeny (2nd generation) has a <10% in...

The immunological mechanisms explaining development of an allergy in some individuals and not in others remain incompletely understood. Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a common, seasonal, IgE-mediated, pruritic skin disorder that affects considerable proportions of horses of different breeds, which is caused by bites of the insect Culicoides obsoletus (C. obsoletus). We investigated the a...

Genetic variation contributing to the phenotypic variation was utilized in this thesis to understand the genetic background of a complex trait IBH, and to understand genetic diversity and relationships between various horse populations. IBH is the most common skin allergic disorder in horses, caused by bites of midges, predominantly Culicoides species. It affects various horse breeds worldwide....

Inclusion body hepatitis caused by avian adenovirus with highly pathogenic strain lead to heavy mortality and unusual lesion like hydropericardium in commercial broilers. Samples were collected from an outbreak in 12000 broiler flock from Andhra Pradesh with sudden high mortality initiated from 32 days of age. Liver was enlarged and showed petechae. Hydropericardium was extensive. 10% liver sus...

An Internet-based questionnaire among horse owners was carried out to identify factors affecting the incidence of insect bite hypersensitivity (IBHI) among horses in the Netherlands. Information was obtained for 794 horses of various breeds, but the breed distribution was not representative for the Dutch horse population. Of the horses for which information was available, 56% suffered from IBH ...

The young stars near the supermassive black hole at the galactic center follow orbits that are nearly random in orientation and that have an approximately “thermal” distribution of eccentricities, N(< e) ∼ e. We show that both of these properties are a natural consequence of a few million years’ interaction with an intermediate-mass black hole (IBH), if the latter’s orbit is mildly eccentric an...