BACKGROUND Increasing the healthfulness of campus food environments is an important step in promoting healthful food choices among college students. This study explored university students' suggestions on promoting healthful food choices from campus vending machines. It also examined factors influencing students' food choices from vending machines. METHODS Peer-led semi-structured individual ...

OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effect on health and well-being of the Lifestyle Matters programme. DESIGN Qualitative study of a subset of intervention arm participants who participated in the Lifestyle Matters randomised controlled trial (RCT). SETTING The intervention took place at community venues within two sites in the UK. PARTICIPANTS A purposeful sample of 13 participants aged ...

Humans make numerous choices every day and tend to perceive these choices as free. The present study shows how simple free choices are biased by experiencing unrelated auditory information. In two experiments, participants categorized tones according to their intensity on the dimensions volume and duration on the majority of trials. On some trials, however, they were to randomly generate a numb...

Theoretical work predicts that individuals should strategically increase their reliance on social learning when individual learning would be costly or risky, or when the payoffs for individually-learned behaviors are uncertain. Using a method known to elicit cumulative cultural evolution in the laboratory, we investigated the degree of within-group similarity, and between-group variation, in de...

We surveyed IRB chairs' perspectives on offering individual genetic research results to participants and families, including family members of deceased participants, and the IRB's role in addressing these issues. Given a particular hypothetical scenario, respondents favored offering results to participants but not family members, giving choices at the time of initial consent, and honoring elici...

We recognize the amount of ”reward” according to our choices. In repeated binary choice tasks, human behave according to the theoretical basis of ”probability matching” (Shanks et al., 2002), which has been advocated in several studies. However, the quality of reward may influence their choice-behavior. It is acknowledged that the sensitivity of values for gains or losses differs among individu...

BACKGROUND Many complex and subtle aspects relating to mothers and food choice are not well understood. Mothers play a primary role in their children's food choices, but research has not specifically examined how matrilineal family members who do not reside in the same household, such as a mother's mother, aunt, or grandmother, influence the current family's food choices. METHODS Seven partic...

Abstract Food choices are intimately related to individual health. Therefore, the food we buy should be carefully chosen. However, grocery shopping is typically done in noisy environments, and products usually present cluttered labels with dense texts that make it hard properly evaluate relevant nutritional data. Augmented reality (AR) allows a shopper visualize digitally generated contents ont...