Autoimmune diabetes is caused by the CD4(+), T helper 1 (Th1) cell-mediated apoptosis of insulin-producing beta cells. We have previously shown that Th2 T cells bearing the same T cell receptor (TCR) as the diabetogenic Th1 T cells invade islets in neonatal nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice but fail to cause disease. Moreover, when mixed in excess and cotransferred with Th1 T cells, Th2 T cells coul...

t w m m c a t t s h s n t p t i e i b c c nterstitial cystitis (IC) is a disorder of the urinary bladder characterized by urgency, freuency, nocturia, and chronic pelvic pain. The ain pathologic findings include dysfunction of he bladder glycosaminoglycan protective layer1 nd a high number of activated bladder mast cells2; hese processes could lead to neurogenic inflamation and immune damage of...

INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard in the treatment of symptomatic gallstones. The common opinion about treatment of acute cholecystitis is initially conservative treatment due to preventing complications of inflamation and following laparoscopic cholecystectomy after 6- 8 weeks. However with the increase of laparoscopic experience in recent years, early lapa...

Migraine is a common episodic headache disorder. A comprenhensive headache treatment plan includes acute attack treatment to releive pain and impairment and long-term preventive therapy to reduce attack frequency, severity and duration. Circumstances that might warrant preventive treatment include very frequent and severe migraine that interferes with the patient's daily routine, failure to acu...

We have observed esophageal ulceration in 15 patients who have been taking doxycycline (Vibromycin) for URI and GU infections. The most usual symptom was retrosternal pain, burning sensation and odynophagia, which sometimes referred to their back and shoulder Symptoms usually occured 5-10 days after their treatment. Endoscopy revealed shallow ulcerations in middle third of esophagus, biopsy sho...

Raw264.7 cells are monocytic cells that can differentiate to activated macrophages after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Here, we analyzed the factors secreted by Raw264.7 cells in response to LPS. The culture media of LPS-treated Raw264.7 cells was able to stimulate growth in MEF1F2 and NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cell lines. We identified five secreted and LPS-induced chemokines, CCL2, CCL5...

squamous intra-epithelial lesion (LSIL) were To assess the efficacy, cytopathologic diagnostic detected in 98 (1.4%), 25 (0.3%), 12 (0.2%) and criteria, and clinical importance of our smear 11 (0.2) patients, respectively. The most reported results. cause of inflamation was bacterial vaginosis and Methods its incidence was 22.9%. The conventional smear reports of 7167 patients Conclusions whose...

Mammals have two types of adipocytes, white and brown, but their anatomy and physiology is different. White adipocytes store lipids, and brown adipocytes burn them to produce heat. Previous descriptions implied their localization in distinct sites, but we demonstrated that they are mixed in many depots, raising the concept of adipose organ. We explain the reason for their cohabitation with the ...

Procalcitonin (PCT) serum concentration increases abnormally in bacteremia, severe sepsis and septic shock and was described as an inflamation-induced protein. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical application of PCT-Q test for determination procalcitonin (PCT) serum level in patients with suspected sepsis. Fifty six patients according the criteria for sepsis (ACCP/SCCM,1992) and 19...