the purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of internal and external factors on the ratio of outstanding claims in those banks which are accepted in tehran stock exchange. for this purpose, we used the data obtained from 8 banks and credit institution active in the tehran stock exchange and using data regression panel.  the present survey was examined over the period 2011 till 2015. the ...

Between 1999 and 2006, there were two episodes during which inflation in the Rent index in the CPI diverged markedly from inflation in the index for Owner’s Equivalent Rent (OER); early in 2007, these series began to diverge again. Such divergence often prompts many to question CPI methods. A key difference between these two series is that OER indexes are based upon rents which have received a ...

This paper compares the performances of three alternative nominal anchors, i.e., price inflation, nominal income growth, and money growth in an estimated monetary business cycle model. The representative household’s lifetime utility is used as a natural welfare metric, and the welfare effects of the non-linear dynamics are captured by a quadratic approximate solution method. Strict inflation ta...

We extend and unify existing international asset pricing models for perfect capital markets by allowing both exchange rates and inflation rates to be stochastic and investors to consume both tradable and nontradable goods. We argue that in the presence of stochastic inflation and exchange rates, the Adler-Dumas’ [1983] inflation-rate differential risks can be related neither to PPP deviation ri...