BACKGROUND Child abuse and other early-life environmental stressors are known to affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We sought to compare synacthen-stimulated cortisol responses in children who suffered inflicted or accidental traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Children with a history of early-childhood TBI were recruited from the Starship Children's Hospital database (Auckland...

conclusions although evaluations of the initial vital signs and physical examinations are still important, the history regarding the source of the stab wounds (aisw vs. sisw) may be helpful in determining the appropriate treatment methods and predicting patient outcomes. results a total of 19 patients had undergone exploratory laparotomy. of the nine patients with sisw undergoing this procedure...

Bruises commonly occur in children and are most often the result of a minor accidental injury. However, bruises can also signal an underlying medical illness or an inflicted injury (maltreatment). Although bruising is the most common manifestation of child physical maltreatment, knowing when to be concerned about maltreatment and how to assess bruises in this context can be challenging for clin...

Child protection paediatricians have a role as forensic experts in the context of suspicious childhood injury. The task of forensic evaluation of suspicious injury is to reach a conclusion to support legal proceedings. For each injury, one of four conclusions should be reached: 1 The injury has been caused by another person and is considered to have been inflicted. 2 The injury is adequately ex...

Reports on the management of chainsaw penetrating laryngotracheal injuries are limited. These can be catastrophic because possible injury to carotid and vertebral arteries or neural aerodigestive tract injury. A systemic multidisciplinary approach is necessary when faced with this type We present a 59-year-old carpenter an accidental, self-inflicted, that afflicted anterior neck, larynx posteri...