Chlorpyrifos is a commonly used insecticide that can be metabolically activated by CYP2B to the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor chlorpyrifos-oxon causing cholinergic overstimulation and neurotoxicity. Rat brain extracts can also activate chlorpyrifos in vitro, and the lack of circulating oxon in serum suggests that metabolic activation within the brain may be responsible for chlorpyrifos neuroto...

Abstract Background The bio-pesticide abamectin has been used to control a large variety of insects, including Diptera species, attributed its high toxicity with virtually no residual effects on treated crops. Its low effect ensures the survival natural enemies and other non-target organisms. Imidacloprid is also widely for insect pest due potency selectivity in comparison mammals. On hand, dia...

Malaria control programs are being jeopardized by the spread of insecticide resistance in mosquito vector populations. The situation in Burkina Faso is emblematic with Anopheles gambiae populations showing high levels of resistance to most available compounds. Although the frequency of insecticide target-site mutations including knockdown resistance (kdr) and insensitive acetylcholinesterase (A...

Insecticides from the organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid (PY) chemical families, have respectively, been in use for 50 and 30 years in West Africa, mainly against agricultural pests, but also against vectors of human disease. The selection pressure, with practically the same molecules year after year (mainly on cotton), has caused insecticide resistance in pest populations such as Bemisia taba...

the short and long term effects of chromium toxicity on brain catecholamines and acetylcholinesterase levels were investigated. rats were injected daily with varying amounts of chromium. the short term (2 h) administration of chromium (8 mmol/kg) reduced catecholamines level of cerebellum, mid-brain and brain-cortex by 22.8, 19.4 and 21.2% respectively. acetylcholinesterase activity was also re...

Background: Parastar is an agricultural insecticide formulation composed of two active ingredients; a pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin and neonicotinoid imidachloprid used in Cameroon for vegetable protection. Previous studies showed reprotoxicity neurotoxicity this pesticide formulation. Momordica foetida Schumach. Et Thonn medicinal plant with potent antioxidant properties traditionally the trea...