The question of the authorship Daodejing, otherwise known as Laozi, is a hotly contested debate, and one’s stance on existence role author can have potential implications for interpretation text. This paper explores how notions text influence, often unconsciously, reader’s such that possible meaning generated within becomes limited, reduced, or terminated. Three hermeneutic frameworks, Authoria...

PURPOSE We conducted an international, interdisciplinary teach-the-teacher course to sensitize physicians from different countries to ethical issues in medical education. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of this course. METHOD Before and after participating in a short session on ethical issues in medical education, 97 physicians from different countries in Africa, Asia, and...

Abstract Naïve Realism claims that veridical perceptual experiences essentially consist in genuine relations between perceivers and mind-independent objects their features. The contemporary debate the philosophy of perception has devoted little attention to assessing one main motivations endorse Realism–namely, it is only view which articulates our ‘intuitive’ conception perception. In this pap...

In natural language, looks-talk is used in a variety of ways. I investigate three uses of 'looks' that have traditionally been distinguished - epistemic, comparative, and phenomenal 'looks' - and endorse and develop considerations in support of the view that these amount to polysemy. Focusing on the phenomenal use of 'looks', I then investigate connections between its semantics, the content of ...

A new approach based on experiments aiming at the integration of content originating from pointing plus definite descriptions (objects called “CDs”) in dialogue is presented. We develop it against the background of the early semiotic positions of Wittgenstein, Peirce, and Quine, the intentionalism of Kaplan, Neo-Peirce-Wittgenstein-Quine approaches and “mixed” points of view. Our experimental d...

If you trained someone to emit a particular sound at the sight of something red, another at the sight of something yellow, and so on for other colors, still he would not yet be describing objects by their colors. Though he might be a help to us in giving a description. A description is a representation of a distribution in a space (in that of time, for instance). 1. Intentionalism and Transpare...

Epistemic contextualism holds that the truth conditions of knowledge attributions vary from one context of utterance to another. On this view, different utterances of the same knowledge sentence of the form " S knows that P " convey different propositions in different contexts. What proposition an utterance of " S knows that P " conveys depends on the epistemic standards in place in the context...

Wish-fulfillment is a psychoanalytic concept that applies to situations in which some agent with a frustrated desire represents the world as he would like it to be—rather than as it actually is—and in this manner pacifies the desire. This substitution by the agent of his phantasy for a veridical view of what is going on with him and the external world has been thought by psychodynamic theorists...