In Singapore and Malaysia, people often speak a mixture of Mandarin and English within a single sentence. We call such sentences intra-sentential code-switch sentences. In this paper, we report on the development of a Mandarin-English codeswitching spontaneous speech corpus: SEAME. The corpus is developed as part of a multilingual speech recognition project and will be used to examine how Manda...

This study concerns with the code switching found in Cinta Laura's video on her Instagram TV. Descriptive qualitative method is used for analyzing data from ten videos. theory proposed by Poplack (1980) about types of and Hoffman (1991) reasons switching. shows that there are three six found. The result this intra-sentential most frequently particular topic phenomenon occurs many media such as ...

Full text discourse parsing relies on texts comprehensively annotated with discourse relations. To this end, we address a significant gap in the inter-sentential discourse relations annotated in the Penn Discourse Treebank (PDTB), namely the class of cross-paragraph implicit relations, which account for 30% of inter-sentential relations in the corpus. We present our annotation study to explore ...

BACKGROUND Online psychiatric texts are natural language texts expressing depressive problems, published by Internet users via community-based web services such as web forums, message boards and blogs. Understanding the cause-effect relations embedded in these psychiatric texts can provide insight into the authors' problems, thus increasing the effectiveness of online psychiatric services. ME...

In this paper, we explore the utility of intraand inter-sentential causal relations between terms or clauses as evidence for answering why-questions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that uses both intraand inter-sentential causal relations for why-QA. We also propose a method for assessing the appropriateness of causal relations as answers to a given question using the sema...

Anaphora is a common phenomenon in discourses as well as an important research issue in the applications of natural language processing. In this paper, the anaphora resolution is achieved by employing WordNet ontology and heuristic rules. The proposed system identifies both intra-sentential and inter-sentential antecedents of anaphors. Information about animacy is obtained by analyzing the hier...

In the present paper, we describe in detail and evaluate the process of semi-automatic annotation of intra-sentential discourse relations in the Prague Dependency Treebank, which is a part of the project of otherwise mostly manual annotation of all (intraand inter-sentential) discourse relations with explicit connectives in the treebank. Our assumption that some syntactic features of a sentence...

This paper presents a strategy and a computational model for solving inter-sentential anaphoric pronouns in Vietnamese paragraphs composing simple sentences. The strategy is proposed based on grammatical features of nouns and the focus phenomenon when using pronouns in Vietnamese. In this research, we consider only nouns and pronouns which are human objects in the paragraph, and each anaphoric ...