The interferons are a group of more than 20 glycoproteins produced by numerous body cells in response to the presence of viruses, double-stranded RNA, polypeptides, or bacterial products. All of them share the ability to inhibit viral replication and cell proliferation, and to regulate and modulate immune cells. From an immunologic point of view, interferons increase the expression of class I o...

AeHuIFN a A( 30-43)-( 123-137)-NH2, Ac-Leu-Lys-Asp-Arg-His-Asp-Phe-Gly-PhePro-Gln-Glu-Glu-Phe-Phe-Gln-Arg-Ile-Thr-Leu-Tyr-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Tyr-SerPro-NH2 was synthesized toward encompassing the "active site" of the interferons. The design of this 29-amino acid peptide was based on considerations of homology between the different interferons and on combining two regions of interferons, and on...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Interferon therapy can induce or exacerbate sarcoidosis. With the increasing use of interferons it is highly likely that more cases of sarcoidosis will be encountered by clinicians. We describe three unusual cases of interferon-induced sarcoidosis and review the most recent relevant literature on this subject. RECENT FINDINGS Interferons, on account of their antiviral antigr...

The presence of DNA in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells is a danger signal that triggers host immune responses such as the production of type I interferons. Cytosolic DNA induces interferons through the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP-AMP, or cGAMP), which binds to and activates the adaptor protein STING. Through biochemical fractionation and qua...

The interferons are a group of more than 20 glycoproteins produced by numerous body cells in response to the presence of viruses, double-stranded RNA, polypeptides, or bacterial products. All of them share the ability to inhibit viral replication and cell proliferation, and to regulate and modulate immune cells. From an immunologic point of view, interferons increase the expression of class I o...

Aplastic anemia (AA) occurs when the bone marrow fails to support production of all three lineages of blood cells, which are necessary for tissue oxygenation, infection control, and hemostasis. The etiology of acquired AA is elusive in the vast majority of cases but involves exhaustion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), which are usually present in the bone marrow in a dormant state, and are re...

Within innate immunity, the two major mechanisms of response to virus infections are: synthesis type I interferons (IFN-I) and elimination infected cells by NK lymphocytes. To produce interferons, it will be necessary for cell recognize viral PAMPs through PRR receptors found on surface (TLR 4 some CLRs), in endosomes 3, 7, 8 9) or cytosol (RIG-I MDA5), which may differ between different types ...

To develop feline and canine interferons as medicine for companion animal, silkworm-baculovirus expression system was established as a manufacturing technology. Thus produced interferons were successfully cleared for a sale in commercial market. For expression of feline interferon in the silkworm, recombinant Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) was constructed carrying feline interferon cD...

Mixed preparations of fibroblast and immune interferons interacted with cells synergistically to cause the development of a much greater level of protection than expected on the basis of their separate activities. This increased level of protection was 5- to 20-fold greater than expected on the basis of a simple additive effect of the interferons. The potentiating factor copurified with both fi...

Since their discovery in the 1950s interferons have been the scope of investigation in many diseases as therapeutic as well as pathogenetic factors. We know they have immune stimulatory and immune regulatory effects. This apparently counter-intuitive mechanism can be summarized as immunomodulatory action and seems to be very effective in a number of ocular inflammatory diseases. We review the c...