This paper provides guidance for carrying out research using an interpretive framework to build theory of IS practice. The purpose of the paper is to provide an example of (a) factors influencing the choice of interpretive methods, (b) developing a theoretical framework, (c) particulars of data collection and analysis, and (d) an application of evaluative criteria applicable to interpretive res...

The processing of a stimulus benefits from the previous exposure of an identical stimulus, which is known as immediate repetition priming (IRP). Although several experimental manipulations modulate the size of this effect, the influence of affective information is still unclear. In order to explore the temporo-spatial characteristics of the interaction between emotion and IRP, event-related pot...

The present paper takes the position that social action inherently involves meaning and, thus, cannot be adequately modeled without representing the interpretive process among agents. The development of interpretive models is challenging, however, and quickly raises issues of computational tractability. A strategy is developed based on three assumptions (agent focus, continuity reduction and or...

This paper presents preliminary results of a study to evaluate the effects of Wisconsin's percentage-of-gross-income-child support standard and income withholding on the employment behavior of noncustodial parents. Data from court records and a telephone survey that was carried out after a demonstration of a child support assurance system was implemented in Wisconsin indicate that withholding m...

This paper reviews changes in the federal government's approach to antipoverty policy, analyzes the trend in child poverty and the antipoverty impacts of current income maintenance programs, and proposes some additional antipoverty policies. No single program or policy can meet the needs of the diverse poverty population. There is now greater variation in economic status among children and amon...

Some scholars claim that the type of problems with which private welfare agencies deal varies with agency auspices--whether administrative control is national or local, religious or secular. However, there are few empirical discussions of the issue. This paper thus develops and tests hypotheses concerning how auspices relate to the social problems that agencies cover. Results support a series o...

The oldest-old (people aged 80 or older) constituted 5 % of the population in Sweden in 2000, an increase from 1.5 % fifty years earlier. The immune system undergoes dramatic changes at high age, sometimes referred to as “immunosenescence”. However, the natures of these changes, and in particular, their clinical consequences are incompletely understood. In a previous longitudinal study, a set o...

The capacity of readily exchanging electrons makes iron not only essential for fundamental cell functions, but also a potential catalyst for chemical reactions involving free-radical formation and subsequent oxidative stress and cell damage. Cellular iron levels are therefore carefully regulated in order to maintain an adequate substrate while also minimizing the pool of potentially toxic 'free...

Integrated resource planning (IRP) helps utilities and state regulatory com missions assess consistently a variety of demand and supply resources to meet customer energy-service needs cost-effectively. Key characteristics of this planning paradigm include: {a) explicit consideration of energy-efficiency and load-management programs as alternatives to some power plants, (b) con sideration of env...

In this paper, we present a new mass-flow based Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation for the Inventory Routing Problem (IRP) with explicit energy consumption. The problem is based on a multiperiod single-vehicle IRP with one depot and several customers. Instead of minimizing the distance or inventory cost, the problem takes energy minimization as an objective. In this formulation...