one-third of the people with an age over twenty have some signs of degenerated discs. however, in most of the patients the mere presence of degenerative discs is not a problem leading to pain, neurological compression, or other symptoms. this paper presents an interval type-2 fuzzy hybrid rule-based system to diagnose the abnormal degenerated discs where pain variables are represented by interv...

Constrained interval type-2 (CIT2) fuzzy sets have been introduced to preserve interpretability when moving from type-1 (IT2) membership functions. Although they can be used produce systems with enhanced explainability, so far, the latter comes at expense of high computational cost. Specifically, exhaustive type-reduction method for CIT2 Mamdani has shown too slow in practical applications and ...