In Japanese conversations, rise-fall intonation with vowel lengthening often occurs on the final syllable of a phrase. This phrase-final rise-fall (PFRF) is a new type of intonation first reported in the 1960’s. Researchers consider PFRF intonation a discourse marker which functions to sharpen the phrase boundary and retain the utterance turn, but other phrase-final intonation such as phrase-fi...

The present paper is a study of one impersonator and one of his voice imitations. The aim of the study was to investigate how he changes his own voice and speech behavior in order to get close to the target speaker’s. A comparison is made between three recordings of the same text material: the target speaker, the voice imitation and the impersonator’s own voice and dialect. The results presente...

the main priority in literary criticism, is defining a structure and abstaining from imposing personal views. in the framework of discourse analysis theory (style, intonation and punctuation marks are considered) and on the basis of contrastive linguistics, the author has tried to criticize the translation of a story “french lessons” written by valentine rasputin and translated by mrs. maryam s...

The present paper is a study of one impersonator and one of his voice imitations in order to find out how he changes his own voice and speech behaviour in order to get close to the target voice. Preliminary results from the auditory and the acoustic analysis, focusing on speech style and intonation pattern, will be presented.

Although there have been a large number of studies on English intonation and intonation teaching there has been little research on intonation assessment other than [1], [3] and [4]. This paper evaluates the intonation of native speakers (NSs) and non-native speakers (NNSs) of English with and without knowledge of intonation theory in spontaneous and scripted speech tasks, and asks whether they ...

We model the differences between declarative and interrogative intonation in Chinese with Stem-ML, an intonation description language combined with an algorithm for translating tags into quantitative prosody. Our study shows that the diverse surface patterns can be accounted for by two consistent gestures: 1. Interrogative intonation has a higher phrase curve than declarative intonation; 2. Sen...

The use of special intonation patterns, interrogative particles, the addition tags, disjunctive structures, a change in order constituents, and particularly verbal inflection are among strategies for forming polar questions. This paper describes pattern, tags tandem with question particles conjunction pattern to form questions Lɛtɛ. further discusses social norms governing interrogatives Lɛtɛ d...