Midazolam is a benzodiazepine with rapid onset of action and short duration of effect. In healthy neonates the half-life (t 1/2) and the clearance (Cl) are 3.3-fold longer and 3.7-fold smaller, respectively, than in adults. The volume of distribution (Vd) is 1.1 L/kg both in neonates and adults. Midazolam is hydroxylated by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5; the activities of these enzymes surge in the liver i...

One hundred eighty-eight seizure episodes in 46 children were randomly assigned to receive treatment with rectal diazepam and intranasal midazolam with doses of 0.3 mg/kg body weight and 0.2 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Efficacy of the drugs was assessed by drug administration time and seizure cessation time. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were measured ...

Providing amnesia about a surgery is a desired side effect of a medication. This study compares anterograde amnesic effects of midazolam with hydroxyzine in children undergoing dental treatment with those drugs plus nitrous oxide, using a recall test. Thirty ASAI children 24-28 months, were shown a Standard-Binet intelligence scale-memory for objects subtest before entering treatment room. Twen...

BACKGROUND An efficacious, reliable, and non-invasive route of administration for midazolam, a drug used for sedation and pre-anaesthetic medication, would have obvious advantages. This study compares two potential methods of administering midazolam by the nasal and nebulized routes. METHODS Midazolam (0.2 mg kg(-1)) was given by both nebulizer and nasally by liquid instillation to 10 healthy...

Objective: The aim of study is to evaluate the preoperative sedative effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine as compared to oral midazolam as preanesthetic medication in children undergoing cardiac catheterization for diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedure. Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Method: 61 patients of either sex between the ages 2-10 years were recruite...

We describe a 3-year-old child who became over-sedated after receiving intranasal (IN) midazolam (0.53 mg.kg(-1)) and IN sufentanil (1 mcg.kg(-1)) for dental restorations in the dental office. Desaturation was attributed to laryngospasm, which was managed with positive pressure ventilation and oxygen. The sedation was reversed with a combination of IN flumazenil and naloxone.

PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to compare the pharmacokinetics of midazolam following intravenous, intranasal drop, and nasal-atomizer administration in beagle dogs. METHODS Six animals weighing 9-13 kg were used in a repeated-measure design, group assignment based on route of drug administration. Midazolam (1.5 mg/kg) was administered with the delivery route based on group ass...