Background: The iso-osmolar contrast agent iodixanol may be associated with a lower incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) than low-osmolar contrast media (LOCM), but previous meta-analyses have yielded mixed results. Objectives: To compare the incidence of CI-AKI between iodixanol and LOCM. Methods: Studies were identified from literature searches to December 2009, clinical...

I read with great interest the RECOVER (Renal Toxicity Evaluation and Comparison Between Visipaque and Hexabrix in Patients With Renal Insufficiency Undergoing Coronary Angiography) study by Jo et al. (1). They compared the renal tolerance of iodixanol and ioxaglate in patients with renal insufficiency after coronary angiography. They found that the incidence of contrastinduced nephropathy (CIN...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Most radiographic contrast media (CM) are hyperosmotic and pose an osmotic threat to cells they are in contact with. To study these effects at the cellular level, cell volume regulatory mechanisms were observed in proximal renal tubules following exposure to the CM iohexol, ioxaglate, and iodixanol. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolated renal tubules from trout (Salmo trutta...

We report on the development of a method for repeated monitoring of mucosal permeability that allows assessment of the severity of colitis and evaluation of treatment efficacy in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. We determined the extent to which intestinal permeability related to stool condition, colon weight, and histological pathology in precolitic and diseased rats up to 29 weeks old. Intestinal per...

Introduction. Contrast media can cause acute renal failure by direct toxic effects on the tubular cells and kidney ischemia. Diabetics and hospitalized patients have a greater risk of developing contrastinduced nephropathy than the general population. Objective. The cost effectiveness of iso and low-osmolality contrast media was assessed in high risk outpatients. Materials and methods. The anal...

The impact of isoosmolar versus low-osmolar contrast media (CM) administration on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) and extended renal dysfunction (ERD) is unclear. We retrospectively examined incidences of CI-AKI and ERD in patients who received iodixanol (isoosmolar) versus iohexol (low-osmolar) during angiography for cardiac indications. Of 713 patients, 560 (cohort A), 190 (coho...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a mediator of renal damage. Melatonin is a potent-free radical scavenger. Our objective was to test whether melatonin would protect against the nephrotoxicity of contrast media. METHODS In an experimental study 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups including: 1) Control group (No drug), 2) Contrast medi...

BACKGROUND Successful cryopreservation of rat spermatozoa from various strains still remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to determine if combinations of OptiPrep™ (iodixanol) and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) can improve rat sperm function during the cryopreservation procedure. METHODS Epididymal rat spermatozoa were frozen under different OptiPrep™ concentrations (0, 1, 2,...

BACKGROUND A predominance of small, dense LDL (sdLDL) confers in excess of a threefold increase in coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. The conventional method for the detection of sdLDL, salt density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGUC) has been superseded by more rapid techniques. This report presents novel methodology for the separation of sdLDL by a combination of iodixanol density gradient ce...