BACKGROUND Olive trees (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. europaea) naturally grow in areas spanning the Mediterranean basin and towards the East, including the Middle East. In the Iranian plateau, the presence of olives has been documented since very ancient times, though the early history of the crop in this area is shrouded in uncertainty. METHODS The varieties presently cultivated in Ira...

INTRODUCTION At the modern age, to acquire knowledge and experience, the individuals with their own specific culture have to enter contexts with cultural diversity, adapt to different cultures and have social interactions to be able to have effective inter-cultural relationships.To have such intercultural associations and satisfy individual needs in the society, cultural intelligence and social...

INTRODUCTION Quoting an article in well-known textbooks is held as a credit for that paper. The numbers of Iranian publications mentioned in endodontic textbooks have increased during recent years. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the number of Iranian articles quoted in eminent endodontic textbooks. METHODS AND MATERIALS Three known textbooks (Ingle's Endodontics, Seltzer and Be...

Background In many developing and developed countries, the profession of nursing is directly affected by country’s legislative structure associated governance arrangements. Thus, policymakers, practitioners, educators should understand way legislation created implemented, as well its impact on profession. Purpose The purpose this study was to describe in Iran from perspective policymakers. Meth...

the difference between legal acts and legal events is that in the former the parties'will plays the central role. according to a mojority of muslim ulama and iranian lawists, will is a blend of intention and consent. some hold that these two elements are inseparable from each other. in this regard, some of them regards those legal acts which have intention but are devoid of consent as inva...

The present study investigated the pragmatic awareness and production of Iranian Turkish and Persian EFL learners in the speech act of apology. Sixty-eight learners of English studying at several universities in Iran were selected based on simple random sampling as the monolingual and bilingual participants. Data were elicited by means of a written discourse self-assessment/completion test (WDS...

Abstract This pre-registered study examined the prevalence and correlates of sexual aggression in a sample 530 Iranians (322 women, 208 men) with behaviorally specific questionnaire distinguishing between different coercive strategies, victim-perpetrator relationships, acts. Significantly more women (63.0%) than men (51.0%) experienced at least one incident victimization since age 15 years, sig...

To study the structure of Iranian chemistry research, we identified 43 Iranian and international chemists who were highly cited in 7,682 Iranian chemistry publications (defined as an article with at least one Iranian author address) indexed in Science Citation Index (SciSearch) between 1990 and 2006, inclusive. We collected cocitation data for these authors from the entire SciSearch file (Dialo...