During the last 90 years, the breeding of rice has delivered cultivars with improved agronomic and economic characteristics. Crossing of different lines and successive artificial selection of progeny based on their phenotypes have changed the chromosomal constitution of the ancestors of modern rice; however, the nature of these changes is unclear. The recent accumulation of data for genome-wide...

• Inorganic arsenic (As(i) ) in rice (Oryza sativa) grains is a possible threat to human health, with risk being strongly linked to total dietary rice consumption and consumed rice As(i) content. This study aimed to identify the range and stability of genetic variation in grain arsenic (As) in rice. • Six field trials were conducted (one each in Bangladesh and China, two in Arkansas, USA over 2...

It is essential to elucidate genetic diversity and relationships among even related individuals and populations for plant breeding and genetic analysis. Since Japanese rice breeding has improved agronomic traits such as yield and eating quality, modern Japanese rice cultivars originated from narrow genetic resource and closely related. To resolve the population structure and genetic diversity i...

Several studies have expressed concerns about the effects of gene flow from transgenic herbicide-resistant crops to their wild relatives, but no major problems have been observed. This review describes a case study in which what has been feared in transgenics regarding gene flow has actually changed biodiversity and people's lives. Nontransgenic imidazolinone-resistant rice (IMI-rice) cultivars...

Previous studies on the effects and interactions of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and air temperatures have shown large differences in growth and yield responses among Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Far less attention has been focused on rice cultivars commonly grown in the Southern US. This 2-year study was conducted to determine the effects of [CO2] and air tempera...

Rice as one of the most important agricultural crops has a putative potential for ensuring food security and addressing poverty in the world. In the present study, in order to provide basic information to improve rice through breeding programs, Inter Simple Sequence Repeat marker (ISSR) was used For DNA fingerprinting and finding genetic relationships among 32 different cultivars. In this study...

The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, is the most destructive insect pest of rice in the United States and is a particularly severe pest in Louisiana. The current management program for this insect in Louisiana relies heavily on insecticides, most notably the seed treatment fipronil (Icon). Diversification of the management program by incorporation of alternative strategies ...

Fingerprinting with molecular markers allows precise, objective and rapid variety identification. In this study, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to fingerprint the forty-eight main commercial rice cultivars under cultivation at present in Zhejiang Province, China, and identify indica and japonica subspecies including eight groups of closely related cultivars. Eighteen of the thir...

This study examined the changes of chlorophyll content and chloroplast ultrastructure in mesophyll cells of two rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. japonica) cultivars with different saline-alkali tolerance (Suijing NO.5: salinity-alkalinity-tolerant, and Songjing NO.6: salinityalkalinity-sensitive). Both rice cultivars were grown under three natural occurring saline-alkali conditions, as well as the no...