this research was designed to evaluate and compare the applicability of two different types of irrigation including traditionally (surface irrigation) and simple sub-surface drip irrigation (using pricked-pipe covered with plastic cloth). two plots containing 39 pistachio trees with 720 m2 area were selected in rafsanjan, iran. both plots were irrigated using exactly the same quantity and quali...

The objective of this article is to present summary findings of multiple research studies concerning evapotranspiration (ET) controllers. Each study provided unique information concerning the performance and implementation techniques necessary to ensure successful integration with irrigation systems to optimize scheduling for water conservation. Based on these studies, ET controllers have the p...

Rising energy costs have increased the cost of pumping to the point that many farmers are finding irrigation to be unprofitable or only marginally profitable. Fortunately, however, pumping costs are an item that farmers have some degree of control. Pumping costs often are higher than they need be for two reasons: 1.) more water is pumped than is necessary, and/or, 2.) the pumping plant operates...

Environmentally sound management of N in apple orchards requires that N supply meets demand. In 1997, newly planted apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh. var. Golden Delicious on M.9 rootstock) received daily applications of N for six weeks as Ca(15NO3)(2) through a drip irrigation system at a concentration of 112 mg l(-1) at 2-8, 5-11 or 8-14 weeks after planting. Irrigation water was applied ei...

experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 to study the effects of different levels of potassium and irrigation intervals on yield and water use efficiency of two genotypes of sugar beet (a37.1 and 12681) in khorasan agricultural research center (torogh, iran). potassium levels were; no potassium application, increasing potassium to 5% of soil cation exchange capacity (cec) and second treatmen...

in this study, the effect of furrow firming rollers were investigated to improve furrow irrigation parameters such as: advance time, runoff, deep percolation and irrigation efficiency (application efficiency) in the roller treatments, nonroller treatments (traditional) and treatment of including compacted with tractor wheel in the miandab agriculctural station in west azerbaijan during 2001-200...

Although water is crucial to the performance of preemergence herbicides, pesticide performance has rarely been related to irrigation management. This 2-yr study investigated the effect that amount of irrigation water applied had on activity of simazine. Three rates of simazine at 0, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha were applied to a 3-yr-old nectarine orchard that was irrigated with microsprinklers. The pe...

Although rainfall in the United States Mid-South is sufficient to produce corn (Zea mays L.) without irrigation in most years, timely irrigation has been shown to increase yields. The recent interest in ethanol fuels is expected to lead to increases in US corn production, and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) is one possible way to increase application efficiency and thereby reduce water use. Th...

deficit- irrigation is one of the measures for water saving and optimum application of water in surface irrigation. however, lack of enough evidences, doubts on the proper application of deficit- irrigation, dissemination of research results and its application by the farmers are of practical challenging issues. this paper summarizes and analyzes some research results on deficit- irrigation in ...

Sub-surface irrigation (SUI) is a new water-saving irrigation technology. To explore the influence of SUI on soil conditions in a cherry orchard and its water-saving efficiency, experiments were conducted from 2009 to 2010 using both SUI and flood irrigation (FLI) and different SUI quotas in hilly semi-arid area of northern China. The results demonstrated the following: 1) The bulk density of t...