Global economic transactions such as foreign direct investment ðFDIÞ must extend over an institutional abyss between the jurisdiction, and therefore protection, of the states involved. Intergovernmental organizations ðIGOsÞ represent an important attempt to span this abyss. The authors use a network approach to demonstrate that the connections between two countries, through joint membership in ...

The last two decades have been marked by devastating global challenges that threaten the international problem-solving activities of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), which guided interactions for decades. They offer collective actions member countries, but come with pressures to create and sustain integrative IGO policies implemented all members. If these globally focused (supranational ...

This article presents the investigative work conducted on the fracture toughness and microstructure of Al6061-9% graphite particulate composites. The requisite specimens for the fracture toughness testing were compact tension ones prepared using stir casting technique. The Al6061-9% graphite particulate metal matrix composite has been heat treated in the underaged condition. It is observed from...

Results of isocyanate challenge tests performed on 63 workers referred with a diagnosis of probable isocyanate asthma between 1974 and 1988 were reviewed. Thirty (48 percent) had an acute episode of asthma with a greater than 20 percent decline in FEV1 following subirritant exposure to isocyanates. No difference in the frequency or type of respiratory complaints between isocyanate reactors and ...

With the rapid development of China's solid wood composite flooring industry, market geothermal is gradually huge. The adhesives used in traditional are mainly urea formaldehyde resin and phenolic resin. Its bonded wood-based panel has problems emission poor waterproof. enhancement people's awareness safety environmental protection, problem attracted more attention. Looking for various free tha...

Reactions of(4S,5R)-1-(3,4-Dimethyl-2-oxo-5-phenylimidazolidine)carbonyl-isocyanate (4) with appropriate Baylis-Hillman adducts 5 gave the corresponding acyl carbamates 6,7 as equimolar diastereomeric mixtures. These mixtures were treated with DABCO, to afford with moderate diastereoselection easily separable [2-(3",4"-dimethyl-2"-oxo-5"-phenylimidazolidine-1-carboxamido)(aryl)methyl]acrylates ...

Chemical exfoliation of graphite under strong oxidizing conditions yields graphene oxide nanosheets with oxy functional groups on the carbon basal plane. The importance of ozone in the chemical oxidation mechanism of graphite by the widely-used Hummers' method has been largely overlooked. Herein we demonstrate that the ozonolysis of graphite leads to the formation of secondary epoxy and peroxym...