The two leading interpretations of achromatic breaks that are observed in the light curves of GRBs afterglow are (i) the manifestation of the edge of a jet, which has a roughly uniform energy profile and a sharp edge and (ii) a line of sight effect in jets with a variable energy profile. The first scenario requires the inner engine to produce a jet with a different opening angle each explosion,...

We investigate the polarization properties of Comptonized X-rays from relativistic jets in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) using Monte Carlo simulations. We consider three scenarios commonly proposed for the observed X-ray emission in AGN: Compton scattering of blackbody photons emitted from an accretion disk; scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons; and self-Comptonization of intr...

PURPOSE We describe a new, modified jet injection technique for local anesthesia for no-scalpel vasectomy without the use of a needle, which may minimize the fear of vasectomy in men due to the needle involved in local anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A MadaJet Medical Injector (MADA Medical Products, Carlstadt. New Jersey) was used in this study to deliver a high pressure spray of 0.1 cc lo...

Effect of altitude is discussed in the unsteady separation of multi stage rockets. Axisymmetric, unsteady and turbulent Navier stokes equations are solved numerically. The governing equations are split into a hyperbolic inviscid part and a parabolic diffusion part. The hyperbolic part is solved by an explicit second-order time and space of Godunov-type scheme. Moving mesh and moving boundary al...

The purpose of the present study is to clarify the heat transfer characteristics with multiple jet impingement aiming at the highly efficient cooling performance. In the study, we investigated the effect of injection parameters on circular jet array impingement heat transfer. As we focus on interference among the adjacent impinging jets, tests are mainly conducted at the minimum crossflow condi...

The 〈V/Vmax〉 of the cosmological X-ray flashes detected by WFC/BeppoSAX is calculated theoretically in a simple jet model. The total emission energy from the jet is assumed to be constant. We find that if the jet opening half-angle is smaller than 0.03 radian, off-axis emission from sources at z≤4 can be seen. The theoretical 〈V/Vmax〉 is less than 0.4, which is consistent with the observational...

Background Patients with aortic dilation often present an eccentric transvalvular flow jet. The angle of the flow jet from the aorta centerline, or the flow jet angle (FJA), has been reported as a risk factor in bicuspid aortic valve patients [1]. In recent studies we introduced a the jet shear layer detection (JSLD) method for the automated characterization of transvalvular flow structure acro...

The variation in the volume of rock removed when a water jet traverses over a sample of Barre Granite is shown to vary with the angle at which the sample is cut relative to the orientation of the main deposit. For example where the jet impacts perpendicular to a microfissure plane a channel up to 10 times the volume is cut as when the jet is traversed along the microfissure plane. A correlation...

The aim of this paper is to clarify some physical-mechanical aspects involved in the carbon dioxide angiography procedure (CO₂ angiography), with a particular attention to a possible damage of the vascular wall. CO₂ angiography is widely used on patients with iodine intolerance. The injection of a gaseous element, in most cases manually performed, requires a long training period. Automatic syst...

Numerical studies have been carried out using a validated two-dimensional RNG k-epsilon turbulence model for the design optimization of a thrust vector control system using shock induced supersonic secondary jet. Parametric analytical studies have been carried out with various secondary jets at different divergent locations, jet interaction angles, jet pressures. The results from the parametric...