UNLABELLED Brain kappa-opioid receptors (ORs) may be involved in several pathologic conditions, such as addiction, psychosis, and seizures. (+/-)-4-Methoxycarbonyl-2-[(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl]-1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]-piperidine (GR89696) is a potent and selective kappa-OR agonist. The (-)-isomer, GR103545, is the active enantiomer of GR89696. The aim of this study was to characterize the po...

We study optimal paths in disordered energy landscapes using energy distributions of the type P(log(10) E)=const that lead to the strong disorder limit. If we truncate the distribution, so that P(log(10) E)=const only for E(min) < or =E < or =E(max), and P(log(10) E)=0 otherwise, we obtain a crossover from self-similar (strong disorder) to self-affine (moderate disorder) behavior at a path leng...

The kappa distributions, or their equivalent, the q-exponential distributions, are the natural generalization of the classical Boltzmann-Maxwell distributions, applied to the study of the particle populations in collisionless space plasmas. A huge step in the development of the theory of kappa distributions and their applications in space plasma physics has been achieved with the discovery that...

The observed scale dependence of the probability distributions of the differences of characteristic solar wind variables is analyzed. Intermittency of the turbulent fluctuations at small-scale spatial separations is accompanied by strongly non-Gaussian distributions that turn into a normal distribution for large-scale separation. Conventional theoretical models are subject to insufficient physi...

Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) results from a propensity of some human monoclonal L chains to form tissue deposits. We designed an experimental model for in vivo expression of human kappa L chain sequences in mice and compared a somatically mutated LCDD chain with a closely related control kappa chain, both encoded by the unique V kappa IV gene. Mice secreting the LCDD chain but not thos...

In mixtures of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium perfluorooctanoate (FC(7)) in aqueous solution, novel bilayer cylinders with hemispherical end caps and open, flat discs coexist with spherical unilamellar vesicles, apparently at equilibrium. Such equilibrium among bilayer cylinders, spheres, and discs is only possible for systems with a spontaneous curvature, R(o), and a positive...

The analgesic effect of opioids varies widely among vertebrate species. This may be due to the distribution, number and type of opioid receptors within the brain. In general, distribution of opioid receptor types is conserved across species in brainstem and spinal cord areas but varies significantly in the forebrain [2]. In the pigeon forebrain 76% of the total opioid receptors are kappa [2]. E...

In this paper, we study the probability distribution of observable $s = (1/N)\sum_{i=N-N'+1}^N x_i$, with $1 \leq N' N$ and $x_1<x_2<\cdots< x_N$ representing ordered positions $N$ particles in a $1d$ one-component plasma, i.e., harmonically confined charges on line, pairwise repulsive Coulomb interaction $|x_i-x_j|$. This represents an example truncated linear statistics -- here center mass $N...

In this paper, a mixture Gamma shadowed (MGS) model is proposed as unified composite distribution via representing the shadowing impact by an inverse Nakagami- $m$ . The exact expression and asymptotic behaviour at high average signal-t...