Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the reliability of the adhesive remnant index (ARI) score system with different assessment methods and to test the compatibility of the estimators. Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight human premolars were used in this study. The premolar brackets (SmartClip, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) were bonded with a light cure adhesive (Tran...

This paper describes the results of experiments with accelerated ray tracing on a virtual shared-memory parallel computer and attempts to determine whether this kind of architecture would be suitable for an interactive ray tracing system. The machine used, the Kendall Square Research KSR1, is described in sufficient detail for its novel features to be appreciated. The paper describes a new ray ...

Article: Sit-up tests have been included in most youth and adult fitness test batteries. One logical reason for their inclusion is the possible relationship between poor abdominal strength and the incidence of low back pain. Therefore, a number of timed field tests have been proposed to measure abdominal function. However, the published data on the validity of field test measures are sparse. Th...

For the first time in thirty years, the Supreme Court will consider the core patent requirement that an invention be non-obvious. At the heart of the case lies the challenge of how to insulate non-obvious decisions from the distortion of the hindsight bias. This Article reports the latest empirical studies in a line of hindsight research, which present experimental data bearing directly on the ...

Treatment means in factorial experiments are lattice ordered when there is an increase in mean response as the level of any factor is increased while holding the other factors fixed. Such means occur naturally in many experiments. A nonparametric test for lattice-ordered means involving a Kendall-type statistic will be summarized for k-factor factorial experiments. Specifically, the form of the...

abstract with due attention to importance of climate change and natural ecosystem sensibility of the study area, in this research have been studied the probable climatic departure from normal and the existence of trend in climatic time series is detected by statistical tests. the first on the basis of rank- method mann kendal, it is tried to identify of changes and then recognize their type and...

Streamflow processes of 12 rivers in western Europe are investigated for trend and nonstationarity in the full 100-year period in the 20 century. Trend analyses with Mann–Kendall test show that there is no trend in annual mean discharges. Only three annual maximum flow series exhibit significant trends (Rhine and Moselle, upward; Rhone, downward). There are two minimum flow series exhibiting si...

The Kendall (1955) rank correlation coefficient evaluates the degree of similarity between two sets of ranks given to a same set of objects. This coefficient depends upon the number of inversions of pairs of objects which would be needed to transform one rank order into the other. In order to do so, each rank order is represented by the set of all pairs of objects (e.g., [a,b] and [b,a] are the...