This study examines the determinants of shadow economy by employing Bayesian Model Averaging technique, which allows taking into account model uncertainty. Having estimated millions combinations models, revealed that while higher GDP growth rate, trade openness, and better institutional quality lead to reduction informal sector, rate unemployment, complicated regulations, large size government ...

Abstract. keywords: Sampling methods; Hybrid Monte Carlo; Symplectic integrator; Shadow Hamiltonian; Conformational sampling.

Informal Economy in Russia: A Brief Overview by Svetlana Barsukova and Vadim Radaev_4 How the Law Really Works: The New Sociology of Law in Russia by Aryna Dzmitryieva_13 Commercialization of Police and Shadow Economy: The Russian Case by Leonid Kosals and Anastasia Dubova_21 Informal Employment in Russia: Why is it so Sustainable? by Tatiana Karabchuk_29 Freelancers in Russia: Remote Work Patt...

Informal Economy in Russia: A Brief Overview by Svetlana Barsukova and Vadim Radaev_4 How the Law Really Works: The New Sociology of Law in Russia by Aryna Dzmitryieva_13 Commercialization of Police and Shadow Economy: The Russian Case by Leonid Kosals and Anastasia Dubova_21 Informal Employment in Russia: Why is it so Sustainable? by Tatiana Karabchuk_29 Freelancers in Russia: Remote Work Patt...

We propose a tractable and coherent framework that captures both conventional and unconventional monetary policies with the shadow fed funds rate. Empirically, we document the shadow rate’s resemblance to an overall financial conditions index, various private interest rates, the Fed’s balance sheet, and the Taylor rule. Theoretically, we demonstrate the impact of unconventional policies, such a...

Shadows appear in many scenes. Shadows in images are typically affected by several phenomena in the scene, such as lighting conditions, type and behavior of shadowed surfaces, occluding objects etc. One of the core issues is to detect the shadow accurately. Accurate shadow detection can be difficult due to the illumination variations of the background and similarity between appearance of the ob...

The immense advancement in attacks against network give rise to interest in more contentious forms of defense to supplement the existing security approaches. Honeypots are physical or virtual machines successfully used as Intrusion detection tool to detect threats. In this paper we proposed a shadow honeypot based intrusion detection system. Shadow honeypot is used to collect the intrusion from...

This paper proposes an empirical dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) framework to measure monetary policy when the nominal short-term interest rate is zero. The framework assumes that there exists a shadow rate which represents the monetary policy stance of a central bank. When the shadow rate is positive, it is observed as the policy rate of the central bank. However, when it is nega...