In order to deduce the experimental beam conditions from the observed x-ray line emission spectrum of high Z elements, atomic radiative data for transition energies and oscillator strengths, ion-atom impact ionization cross sections, Coster-Kronig yields, and fluorescence yield are needed. In this paper, we report on calculations to study the dependence of these atomic data on ionization stage....

Relativistic calculations of nonradiative transition rates to K, L, and M -shell vacancy statesin Ni-, Cu-, and Zn-like ions with Z=32, 36, 42, 47, 56, 60, 66, 74, 83, and 92 are performed.Auger and Coster-Kronig transition probabilities are calculated using both Dirac-Hartree-Fockand model-potential wave functions. Tabulated data are presented for Kand L-shells Augerrates in Ni...

Because direct measurements of the refractive index of hemoglobin over a large wavelength range are challenging, indirect methods deserve particular attention. Among them, the Kramers-Kronig relations are a powerful tool often used to derive the real part of a refractive index from its imaginary part. However, previous attempts to apply the relations to solutions of human hemoglobin have been s...

The modulational instability, a destabilization mechanism for plane waves, occurs ubiquitously in spatially extended dynamical systems arising in fluid dynamics, nonlinear optics, atomic physics, and other disciplines. In this paper, we investigate analytically, numerically, and experimentally the modulational instability in a layered cubically nonlinear (Kerr) optical medium that consists of a...

The macroscopic electric permittivity of a given medium may depend on frequency, but this frequency dependence cannot be arbitrary, its real and imaginary parts are related by the well-known Kramers-Kronig relations. Here, we show that an analogous paradigm applies to the macroscopic electric conductivity. If the causality principle is taken into account, there exists Kramers-Kronig relations f...

The bounded one dimensional multibarrier potential shows signs of chaos, phase transition and a transmission probability of unity for certain values of its total length L and the ratio c of total interval to total width. Like the infinite Kronig-Penney system, which is arranged along the whole spatial region, the bounded multibarrier potential has a band-gap structure in its energy spectrum. Bu...

When a planar dielectric medium has a permittivity profile that is an analytic function in the upper or lower half of the complex position plane x = x′+ ix′′ then the real and imaginary parts of its permittivity are related by the spatial Kramers-Kronig relations. We find that such a medium won’t reflect radiation incident from one side, whatever the angle of incidence. Using the spatial Kramer...