The elevation angle influence on coastal GNSS-R ocean code-based altimetry for GPS signals (L1 C/A and L5) BDS B1 is investigated, the corresponding correction method presented. study first focuses method, including general experiment geometry code delay estimation using single-point tracking algorithm. peak power maximum derivative are used as location of specular point. Then, sensitivity heig...

This study aims at investigating whether Persian native speakers highly advanced in English as a second language (L2ers) can switch to optimal processing strategies in the languages they know and whether working memory capacity (WMC) plays a role in this respect. To this end, using a self-paced reading task, we examined the processing strategies 62 Persian speaking proficient L2ers used to read...

This article reports on an experiment comparing the effects of three discrete types of deviance from native language (L1) phonetics and phonology on verbal short-term memory performance. A nonword repetition task was used to measure the recall of four stimulus types: (a) high-probability L1-sounding nonwords, (b) low-probability L1-sounding nonwords, (c) nonwords containing illegal L1 phoneme s...

Grammatical gender presents persistent difficulty for adult learners of Spanish in L2 acquisition; however, there is a literature gap L3 acquisition gender, specifically typologically different languages. In this project, we investigate the agreement by Russian (L1)/Mandarin (L1)-English (L2) speakers (L3) and compare findings with English(L1) (L2). Studying these languages particularly interes...

Background: The P600 brain wave reflects syntactic processes in response to different first language (L1) syntactic violations, syntactic repair, structural reanalysis, and specific semantic components. Unlike semantic processing, aspects of the second language (L2) syntactic processing differ from the L1, particularly at lower levels of proficiency. At higher L2 proficiency, syntactic violatio...

R 2 are explored. Mild conditions are imposed on the triangulations which prevent them from deterioration and at the same time allow for a lot of flexibility and, in particular, arbitrarily sharp angles. It is shown that such anisotropic Franklin systems are Schauder bases for C and L1, and unconditional bases for Lp (1 < p < ∞) and the corresponding Hardy spaces H1. It is also proved that the ...

The function spaces Dk(R) are introduced and studied. The definition of these spaces is based on a regularity property for the critical Sobolev spaces Ws,p(Rn), where sp = n, obtained by J. Bourgain, H. Brezis, New estimates for the Laplacian, the div–curl, and related Hodge systems, C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris 338 (7) (2004) 539–543 (see also J. Van Schaftingen, Estimates for L1-vector fields...

this study explored the effect of contrastive phrase resynthesis instruction ongaining the teachability hypothesis stages in self-paced versus time-constrained oralproduction and recognition. three groups (i.e., 23 learners) of high beginner femalelearners in an english language institute were randomly selected from a cohort oflearners. one group received contrastive metalinguistic instruction ...

this study was an attempt to investigate the comparative impact of two types of teaching approaches, namely content-based (cbi) and task-based (tblt) instruction on the reading comprehension of iranian efl learners. for this purpose, sixty intermediate students from a pool of eighty five students studying at a private language school were chosen using a piloted pet. the students were then rando...