Background: Labor dystocia (LD) is defined by the slow and abnormal progress of labor. Failure to in labor leading indication for 1ry cesarean delivery approximately 80% American women will eventually have at least one child, majority these undergo “Labor dystocia” encompasses a variety concepts, ranging from “abnormally” dilation cervix or descent fetus during active entrapment fetal shoulders...

conclusions overall, incidence of birth trauma in kashan city was lower in comparison with most studies. considering existing risk factors, further monitoring on labor, and delivery management in teaching hospitals are recommended to prevent birth injuries. in addition, careful supervision on students and residents' training should be applied in teaching hospitals. patients and methods in this ...

OBJECTIVE To develop a simulation-based curricular unit for labor and delivery teams involved in obstetric emergencies to detect and address common mistakes. METHODS A simulation-based curricular unit for hands-on training of four obstetric emergency scenarios was developed using high-tech mannequins and low-tech simulators. The scenarios were eclamptic seizure, postpartum hemorrhage, shoulde...

Mothers given an epidural rather than parenteral opioid labor analgesia report less pain and are more satisfied with their pain relief. Analgesic method does not affect fetal oxygenation, neonatal pH, or 5-minute Apgar scores; however, neonates whose mothers received parenteral opioids require naloxone and have low 1-minute Apgar scores more frequently than do neonates whose mothers received ep...

OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine whether a simulation-based educational program would improve residents' and attending physicians' performance in a simulated shoulder dystocia. STUDY DESIGN Seventy-one obstetricians participated in an unanticipated simulated shoulder dystocia, an educational debriefing session, and a subsequent shoulder dystocia simulation. Each simulatio...

OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to determine whether completion of the medical audit cycle in labor ward practice could safely reduce cesarean section rates. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective medical audit of all deliveries from 1984 to 1988 was performed. The groups of women contributing most to the overall cesarean section rate were identified. Strategies for labor management directed at the primary i...

OBJECTIVE Brachial plexus injury may be unrelated to manipulations performed at the time of delivery, occurring in the absence of shoulder dystocia and in the posterior arm of infants with anterior shoulder dystocia. To further support the hypothesis that some of these nerve injuries appear to be of intrauterine origin, we present a series of brachial plexus palsies associated with atraumatic c...

In 2011, 1 in 3 women who gave birth in the United States did so by cesarean delivery. Cesarean birth can be lifesaving for the fetus, the mother, or both in certain cases. However, the rapid increase in cesarean birth rates from 1996 through 2011 without clear evidence of concomitant decreases in maternal or neonatal morbidity or mortality raises significant concern that cesarean delivery is o...

BACKGROUND Rates of cesarean section increase worldwide, and the components of this increase are partially unknown. A strong role is prescribed to dystocia, and at the same time, the diagnosis of dystocia is highly subjective. Previous studies indicated that risk of cesarean is higher when women are admitted to the hospital early in the labor. METHODS We examined data on 1,202 nulliparous wom...

An understanding of the physiological and pharmacological factors regulating myometrial contractility is essential to development of therapeutic interventions aimed at addressing the clinical disorders associated with labor. Preterm labor and dystocia are the clinical conditions associated with dysfunctional myometrial contractility. Both conditions are seen in increased frequency in the presen...