This paper uses micro-data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey to examine relationship between gender role attitudes labour supply of men women. Using Wellington decomposition technique, also considers how much change gap force participation (LFP) 2001/5 2015/19 may be explained by changes adult women men. The results show a 6.5 percentage point convergenc...

India’s female employment and labour force participation have been declining since the mid-2000s. Kerala, traditionally its best-performing state on these indicators, has done worse than the country as a whole. This article examines the shifts that occurred in Kerala’s female employment and participation between 2004 and 2012, by household income level, age group, level of education and occupat...

Agriculture is an important engine of growth and poverty reduction in much of Africa, Nigeria inclusive. But the sector is underperforming in part because women, who are often crucial resource in agriculture and rural economy, face constraints that reduce their productivity. An understanding of these constraints is a prerequisite to devising policies to improve agricultural production and produ...

This study examined the effects of agricultural child labour on children’s perception of farming occupation in Delta State, Nigeria. A total of 336 respondents comprising of 112 farming household heads and 224 children in the selected households were used for the study.Farming activities of the children were highest during weekends. Highest level of participation was recorded in herbicide and p...

The future of mandatory retirement is at least partly driven by changing demographics. In Canada, these demographics include slowing population growth, rapid aging, declining rates of labour force participation, and slowing labour force growth. After reviewing the demographic trends and considering alternate scenarios in labour force participation, we consider the determinants of early departur...

The most significant demographic trend affecting the size and composition of the labour force over the next 25 years will be the decrease in the number of people in the age group 16 to 49 and an increase in the number of people aged between 50 and 64, Increasing the participation of adults of older ages in the paid labour market is a central policy issue. There has been an increase in employmen...

Using the data from the first wave of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey conducted in 2001, this study examines differences in selfperceived health status among the employed and non-employed older adults. The results confirm what has been found in other developed countries that people in paid employment, including those in older age groups, have better health t...

This study uses heteroskedastic Tobit and Censored Least Absolute Deviations models to examine the impacts of dairy cow ownership on selected outcomes for a sample of 184 households in coastal Kenya. The outcomes examined include gross household cash income, gross non-agricultural income, consumption of dairy products, time allocated to cattlerelated tasks, number of labourers hired and total w...

Insufficient labour income and limited access to employment are critical problems that policy makers must address when designing development strategies in Latin American countries. The persistence of the high incidence of poverty and inequality can be explained largely by the poor performance of labour markets. This Working Paper uses household survey data for Chile, Brazil and Mexico, from the...

Child labour is an issue of growing concern in Afghanistan. According to recent estimates, one in four Afghan children aged seven to 14 is engaged in some form of work.1 This briefing paper explores why children in Afghanistan work, focusing specifically on factors that influence decision-making at the household level. Drawing on findings from an in-depth, qualitative study of poor households t...