For the implementation of the Water Framework Directive we need to develop an informative and cost-effective set of biological monitoring and assessment methods, especially for remote areas. Chironomids are known to be an abundant and speciesrich group that dominate the aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the north and therefore should be an integral part of monitoring and assessment plans...

All known ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) belong to the phylum Thaumarchaeota within the domain Archaea. AOA possess the diagnostic amoA gene (encoding the alpha subunit of ammonia monooxygenase) and produce lipid biomarker thaumarchaeol. Although the abundance and diversity of amoA gene-encoding archaea (AEA) in freshwater lakes have been well-studied, little is known about AEA ecology in sali...

In this paper new maps are presented of mean circulation in the Great Lakes, employing long-term current observations from about 100 Great Lakes moorings during the 1960s to 1980s. Knowledge of the mean circulation in the Great Lakes is important for ecological and management issues because it provides an indication of transport pathways of nutrients and contaminants on longer time scales. Base...

Fish habitat in lakes is strongly constrained by water temperature (T) and available dissolved oxygen (DO) that are changed under climate warming. A one dimensional, dynamic water quality model MINLAKE2012 was used for T and DO simulation over 48 years. A fish habitat model FishHabitat2013 using simulated T and DO profiles as input was developed to determine lethal conditions of cisco Corgenous...

The Tibetan plateau contains thousands of small and big lakes. Changes in the water level of these lakes can be an important indicator for the water balance of the Tibetan plateau, but were until now extremely difficult to monitor: performing continuous in situ measurements at a large number of lakes is not feasible because of their remoteness, while radar altimetry is only capable of monitorin...

The soybean is known as an excellent source of protein when formulating diets for swine. However, this potential can be achieved only if certain quantity of heat is applied. Osborne and Mendel (1917) were the first to report that raw soybeans had a growth-depressing effect in rats. Generally, these heat labile factors are protease inhibitors, lectins, goigotrens and antivitamins. The most commo...

We describe a hitherto unrecognized bacterial community, inhabiting the leaf surfaces of the salt-excreting desert tree Tamarix. High temperatures, strong radiation, and very low humidity dictate a daytime existence in complete desiccation, but damp nights allow the microbial population to proliferate in a sugar-rich, alkaline, and hypersaline solution, before drying up again after sunrise. The...

Subglacial lakes beneath ice streams of Antarctica and supraglacial lakes observed on the flanks of the Greenland ice sheet may seem to be unrelated. The former derive their water from energy dissipation associated with basal friction, the latter from atmospherically driven surface melting. However, using numerical models of ice and water flow, it is shown here that they share a common relation...

J. Wang, ∗ T. Keutgen, † R. Wada, K. Hagel, Y. G. Ma, ‡ M. Murray, § L. Qin, P. Smith, J. B. Natowitz, R. Alfaro, J. Cibor, A. Botvina, M. Cinausero, Y. El Masri, D. Fabris, A. Keksis, S. Kowalski, M. Lunardon, A. Makeev, N. Marie, ¶ E. Martin, Z. Majka, A. Martinez-Davalos, A. Menchaca-Rocha, G. Nebbia, S. Moretto, G. Prete, V. Rizzi, A. Ruangma, D. V. Shetty, G. Souliotis, P. Staszel, M. Vese...