Glufosinate efficacy is inconsistent among weed species and under environmental conditions that favor rapid droplet drying. Surfactant-humectant adjuvants could maximize glufosinate by increasing wetting penetration into the leaf surface while decreasing evaporation rate (ER). However, there a lack of information in literature about interaction surfactant-humectants with glufosinate. The object...

Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of soil organic matter content and pH on initial residual weed control with flumioxazin by planting selected species in various lab-made field soils. Initial was determined seeds into soils treated (71 g ha−1). Seeds Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass), Setaria faberi (giant foxtail), Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed), Abutilo...

Identifying locations where onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), overwinter and subsequently disperse is important for designing control strategies. In upstate New York from 2003 through 2006, potential overwintering sites in the commercial onion, Allium cepa L., cropping system were investigated early in the spring before onion seedling emergence and again late in th...

Martin M. Williams II Corresponding author. U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Invasive Weed Management Research, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801; [email protected] The critical period for weed control (CPWC) identifies the phase of the crop growth cycle when weed interference results in unacceptable yield losses; however, the effect of ...

The adoption of genetically modified (GM) crops has increased dramatically during the last 3 years, and currently over 52 million hectares of GM crops are planted world-wide. Approximately 41 million hectares of GM crops planted are herbicide-resistant crops, which includes an estimated 33.3 million hectares of herbicide-resistant soybean. Herbicide-resistant maize, canola, cotton and soybean a...

BACKGROUND Indispensible amino acids (IAAs) are used by the body in different proportions. Most animal-based foods provide these IAAs in roughly the needed proportions, but many plant-based foods provide different proportions of IAAs. To explore how these plant-based foods can be better used in human nutrition, we have created the computational tool vProtein to identify optimal food complements...

The influence of Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode) on the interspecific and intraspecific competition associated with Glycine max (soybean) and Chenopodium album (common lambsquarters) was studied in 1988 and 1989 in three de Wit replacement series experiments in growth chambers and microplots. Glycine max was grown alone (1 plant/experimental unit), in intraspecific competition (2 pl...

Abstract The complementary modes of action 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) and photosystem II (PSII) inhibitors have been credited for the synergistic weed control improvement several species. Recent research discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation subsequent lipid peroxidation is cause cell death by glutamine synthetase inhibitor glufosinate. Therefore, a basis syne...

We reviewed the timing of peak rate emergence for 15 problematic weed species as well ways to use this knowledge improve control. Much previous literature modeled based on growing-degree-days. For these models, we input average temperature data from several zones Northeast USA. Within species, model-predicted in warmest and coolest differed by an 39 days. Also within there was some variation be...