INTRODUCTION RAPID advancement of semiconductor integratedcircuit technology has reduced the cost of mobile telecommunication terminals year by year. The global systems for mobile communications (GSM),1) which was standardized mainly by European countries, has enhanced the large scale integration of radio-frequency circuits because mobile telecommunication systems of European countries do not r...

Next generation wireless systems consist of heterogeneous wireless networks. Wireless LAN (WLAN) and cellular mobile radio systems will be important part of heterogeneous networks. Universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) provides wide-area coverage, high mobility but relatively low data rate. WLAN is designed for low-range, high/medium data rate access, low mobility and can be used as ...

This paper assesses radio frequency exposure of a mobile handset user in the context of a new class of cellular base station: the femtocell. Traditional cellular network construction relies on using a single base station to cover a large area and serve dozens to hundreds of users. The femtocell (named after the minuscule size of the coverage area) provides a low-power in-home cellular connectio...

Along with the explosive growth of smart phones, a new wave of the mobile device development is on the way, in which the WiFi enabled cellular phone has been taking an extremely important position. Unlike the desk top PC and notebook computers, integrating the WiFi radio within a cellular phone is much more complicated and challenging than simply putting two systems in a box with the form facto...

B eyond 3G is the official IEEE designation for the next stage of wireless technology that some people call 4G or fourth-generation radio. Over the years, every conceptual shift in wireless technology has been characterized as a generational change. With a good dose of hindsight, the generations of radio and major radio systems in each category are classified as shown in Table 1. Few first gene...

A tunable stochastic geometry based Three-Dimensional (3-D) scattering model for emerging land mobile radio cellular systems is proposed. Uniformly distributed scattering objects are assumed around the Mobile Station (MS) bounded within an ellipsoidal shaped Scattering Region (SR) hollowed with an elliptically-cylindric scattering free region in immediate vicinity of MS. To ensure the degree of...

In development of inter-vehicles communication (IVC) systems, simulation technologies are very essential to verify the correctness of protocols. We focus on a model of radio wave propagation for IVC simulation systems and approximate the model. As a land mobile communication model, we adopt Kaji model. In our model, a distance between vehicles, a building density, and an angle between a road an...

While a significant amount of traffic will migrate from mobile to fixed networks, a much greater amount of traffic will migrate from fixed to mobile networks. In many countries mobile operators are offering mobile broadband services at prices and speeds comparable to fixed broadband. Though there are often data caps on mobile broadband services that are lower than those of fixed broadband, some...