This paper presents the result of the regional coupled climatic and hydrologic model of the Nile Basin. For the first time the interaction between the climatic processes and the hydrological processes on the land surface have been fully coupled. The hydrological model is driven by the rainfall and the energy available for evaporation generated in the climate model, and the runoff generated in t...

Wetlands, and in particular riparian wetlands, are at the interface between well drained land and the aquatic environment, where they control the exchange of water and related chemical fluxes from catchment areas to surface waters like lakes and streams. Integrating wetlands and riparian zones in regional hydrological modeling is challenging because of the complex interactions between soil wate...

Topography is an important land-surface characteristic that affects most aspects of the water balance in a catchment, including the generation of surface and sub-surface runoff; the flow paths followed by water as it moves down and through hillslopes and the rate of water movement. All of the spatially explicit fully distributed hydraulic and hydrological models use topography (represented by t...

Radiative flux perturbation (RFP) is defined as the top-of-2 the-atmosphere (TOA) radiative imbalance after the atmosphere-land sys-3 tem adjusts fully to an external perturbation, and serves as a useful metric 4 for quantifying climate forcing. This paper presents an effort to address the 5 issue whether a forcing imposed persistently over a specific region may al-6 ter the radiative balance e...

A strong environmental change has been recognized in China with the impacts of climate change and intensive human activities on land use. In this paper, first environmental changes in China, such as those caused by human activities, land use, climate change, and social and economic development, are presented. Secondly, the hydrological prediction models and systems and their application in Chin...

Recent multimodel studies have shown that if one attempts to cancel increasing CO2 concentrations by reducing absorbed solar radiation, the hydrological cycle will weaken if global temperature is kept unchanged. Using a global climate model, we investigate the hydrological cycle response to “cirrus cloud thinning (CCT),” which is a proposed climate engineering technique that seeks to enhance ou...

Pollution loads from land sources and their impact on the receiving waters can be predicted by using land-use and surface water quality models, respectively. In this paper details are given of the development of an integrated modelling system for managing water quality in coastal basins. The system includes a model linking the pollution input loads to land-use and a model for simulating surface...

this study examines the relationship between land use/land cover (lulc) changes and surface runoff generation empirically to reveal how urbanization has altered the hydrologic characteristics of a watershed. a hydrological model, the soil and water assessment tool (swat), is employed to estimate the watershed runoff generation for two lulc scenarios from 2002 to 2010. the cypress creek watershe...

Due to the rapid population growth and urbanization in the City of Calgary, the Elbow River watershed in southern Alberta covering 1238 km has been subjected to considerable land-use changes over the last decade. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of land-use intensification simulated with a cellular automata (CA) model on the hydrological processes of the watershed using MIKE-...