This paper investigates the hypothesis that attitudes towards a lin­ guistic variety and intelligibility of that variety are linked. This is done by elicit­ ing language attitudes and word recognition scores in 154 Danish and Swedish schoolchildren and adolescents between 7 and 16 years. Language attitudes to­ wards the neighboring language are elicited by means of a matched­guise ex­ periment ...

This paper presents the specification of a programming language for cognitive agents. This programming language is an extension of 3APL (An Abstract Agent Programming Language) and allows the programmer to implement agents’ mental attitudes like beliefs, goals, plans, and actions, and agents’ reasoning rules by means of which agents can modify their mental attitudes. The formal syntax and seman...

This paper presents the specification of a programming language for cognitive agents. This programming language is an extension of 3APL (An Abstract Agent Programming Language) and allows the programmer to implement agents’ mental attitudes like beliefs, goals, plans, and actions, and agents’ reasoning rules by means of which agents can modify their mental attitudes. The formal syntax and seman...

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The main objective of this study is to determine the knowledge, education and attitudes of Chinese, Indian and Arab speaking students in Australia towards the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) test. A questionnaire was administered to 200 students at six university language centers to investigate their overall response towards the four components of the IELTS test i.e. liste...

This study attempted to investigate the impact of teacher’s code-switching on the acquisition of a problematic grammatical structure, namely, object relative clauses, by intermediate EFL learners. Moreover, a secondary objective of the study was to determine the EFL learners’ attitudes and opinions regarding the effectiveness of teacher’s code-switching in their learning of a specific aspect of...

every language involves friendly and polite as well as hostile and impolite situationsin which language users have to use the context-appropriate language. however,unlike politeness which has generated a great number of studies, few studies havebeen conducted on impoliteness especially in efl contexts. the present study aimedto see whether language learners and teachers hold the same idea conce...

Social affective expression is a main part of face-to-face interaction and it is highly linked to the language through the culture. This paper presents a study on Audio-Visual prosodic attitudes in Vietnamese, an under-resourced tonal language. Based on an audio-visual corpus of 16 attitudes, perception experiments were carried out with Vietnamese and French participants. The result analysis sh...

The study examines a number of acoustic properties of non-native speech directed to a native speaker, a non-native speaker with a shared first language background, and a non-native speaker with a different first language. Results demonstrate that the interlocutor condition interacts with the language attitudes factor: Participants with more positive attitudes towards their second language (Engl...