Specifying and managing access control policies for large distributed systems is a non{ trivial task. Commonly, access control policies are speciied in natural language and later reformulated in terms of a particular access control mechanism. Management of policies is thus done in terms of low{level constructs rather than in terms of the speciication. This paper presents and discusses concepts ...

research related to colonialism and post colonialism shows how the identities of indigenous people were constructed and how these identities are reconstructed in our contemporary world. the thrust of this paper is that colonialism brought a shift in the linguistic structure of ghana with the introduction of the use of english among ghanaians. the coexistence of both ghanaian languages and engli...

Specifying and managing access control policies for large distributed systems is a non{ trivial task. Commonly, access control policies are speciied in natural language and later reformulated in terms of a particular access control mechanism. Management of policies is thus done in terms of low{level constructs rather than in terms of the speciication. This paper presents and discusses concepts ...

Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is a popular open-standard protocol for instant messaging (IM) widely used in military and commercial applications. In military contexts, as in commercial settings, it is often necessary to regulate who may communicate with whom and how. The distributed nature of XMPP makes centralized information exchange policy enforcement impossible, however....

We present a formal language for specifying distributed authorization policies that communicate through insecure asynchronous media. The language allows us to write declarative authorization policies; the interface between policy decisions and communication events can be specified using guards and policy updates. The attacker, who controls the communication media, is modeled as a message deduct...

This paper discusses the challenges and possibilities attendant upon successfully implementing literacy across the curriculum initiatives – or ‘school language policies’ as they have come to be known–particularly at the secondary or high school level. It provides a theoretical background to these issues, exploring previous academic discussions of school language policies, and highlights key are...

We present a formal (model-based) approach to describing and analysing access control policies. This approach allows us to evaluate access requests against policies, compare versions of policies with each other and check policies for internal consistency. Access control policies are described using VDM, a statebased formal modelling language. Policy descriptions are concise and may be easily ma...

BYOD policies are informally specified using natural language. We show how the SP4BYOD language can help reduce ambiguity in 5 BYOD policies and link the specification of a BYOD policy to its implementation. Using a formalisation of the 5 policies written in SP4BYOD, we make comparisons between them, and explore the delegation relationships within them. We identify that whilst policy acknowledg...

In a recent editorial in Biostatistics, Peng (2009) introduced a system for making data and computer code from papers in the journal publicly available so that other researchers can reproduce the statistical analyses in the paper. The editors explain in a short accompanying note (Diggle and Zeger, 2009) that ‘we wish to encourage the practice of making research published in the journal reproduc...

We propose in this paper the Security Policy Language (SePL), which is a formal language for capturing and integrating distributed security policies. The syntax of SePL includes several operators for the integration of policies and it is endowed with a denotational semantics that is a generic semantics, i.e., which is independent of any evaluation environment. We prove the completeness of SePL ...