No statement about how to deal with the debt crisis in Latin America would be complete without a call for the debtors to fulfill their part of the proposed bargain by "setting their houses in order," "undertaking policy reforms," or "submitting to strong conditionality." The question posed in this paper is what such phrases mean, and especially what they are generally interpreted as meaning in ...

The evolution of psychiatry in Latin America reflects the merger of three different types of human interactions. The first one is represented by the aborigine cultures that prevailed in this Continent before its discovery. This group in primarily represented by the Aztec and Incas Indians who primordially occupied Mexico and Peru respectively. The second one is primarily exemplified by the Span...

Water quality agencies and scientists are increasingly adopting standardized sampling methodologies because of the challenges associated with interpreting data derived from dissimilar protocols. Here, we compare 13 protocols for monitoring streams from different regions and countries around the globe. Despite the spatially diverse range of countries assessed, many aspects of bioassessment struc...

The global health burden due to physical inactivity is enormous and growing. There is a need to consider new ways of generating evidence and to identify the role of government in promoting physical activity at the population level. In this paper, we summarize key findings from a large-scale cross-national collaboration to understand physical activity promotion in Brazil. We describe the main as...

with the expression of the modernization theory as the dominant paradigmof development during the 1950s, approaches towards development were extracted from this paradigm. but with the birth of the attachment school ofthought, the modernization theory was scrutinized. for latin american countries  however,  the  attachment  school  of  thought  was  considered  amarxist ideology up until the end...

A multi-latin square of order n and index k is an n×n array of multisets, each of cardinality k, such that each symbol from a fixed set of size n occurs k times in each row and k times in each column. A multi-latin square of index k is also referred to as a k-latin square. A 1-latin square is equivalent to a latin square, so a multi-latin square can be thought of as a generalization of a latin ...

globalization, as the most important change at recent age, depends on developing of science, technology and information. it has several effects on aspects of human activities such as social and political studies and changing ideas. moreover, power, the central concept in politics, has confronted different approaches. so, any subject, e.g. political development, needs re-definition and re-explan...

Abstract: We propose a general method for constructing Latin hypercubes of flexible run sizes for computer experiments. The method makes use of arrays with a special structure and Latin hypercubes. By using different such arrays and Latin hypercubes, the proposed method produces various types of Latin hypercubes including orthogonal and nearly orthogonal Latin hypercubes, sliced Latin hypercube...

In this paper we study the concept of Latin-majorizati-\on. Geometrically this concept is different from other kinds of majorization in some aspects. Since the set of all $x$s Latin-majorized by a fixed $y$ is not convex, but, consists of union of finitely many convex sets. Next, we hint to linear preservers of Latin-majorization on $ mathbb{R}^{n}$ and ${M_{n,m}}$.