[1] Understanding the processes involved with the advance of lava flows is critical for improving hazard assessments at many volcanoes. Here, we describe the application of computer vision and oblique photogrammetric techniques to visible and thermal images of active ‘a‘ a flows in order to investigate distal flow processes at Mount Etna, Sicily. Photogrammetric surveys were carried out to prod...

Volcanic eruptions and lava flows comprise one of the most highly stressed terrestrial environments for the survival of biological organisms; the destruction of botanical and biological colonies by molten lava, pyroclastic flows, lahars, poisonous gas emissions and the deposition of highly toxic materials from fumaroles is the normal expectation from such events. However, the role of lichens an...

[1] We report on estimates of the rheological properties of late-stage lava flows on the eastern flank of Ascraeus Mons, Mars. From previous studies it is known that the dimensions of flows reflect rheological properties such as yield strength, effusion rates, and viscosity. Our estimates are based on new high-resolution images obtained by the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on board the E...

Volcanic activity on the island of Hawaii results in a cyclical pattern of habitat destruction and fragmentation by lava, followed by habitat regeneration on newly formed substrates. While this pattern has been hypothesized to promote the diversification of Hawaiian lineages, there have been few attempts to link geological processes to measurable changes in population structure. We investigated...

Walker (1973; Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., 274, 107) argued that, for a limited set of compositions and flow types, effusion rate (E) was the principal influence on flow length, sparking a series of studies into the volume and cooling limits on flow extension. We here review these works, as well as the role of heat loss in controlling flow length. We also explore the applicability of Walker’s id...

[1] Lunar sinuous rilles have long been interpreted as features that formed as the result of surficial lava flow, though the precise mechanism responsible for channel formation (constructed versus eroded origins) is still debated. In assessing the origin of Rima Prinz, a channel interpreted to have formed by erosion, two erosion regimes, mechanical and thermal, are considered. Measurements of c...

Precise eruption rates of active pahoehoe lava flows on Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, have been determined using spaceborne radar data acquired by the Space Shuttle Imaging Radar-C (SIR-C) . A coastal site downslope from the Pu'u O'o vent was imaged once per day, on each of the four days from October 7-10, 1994. Day-to-day decorrelation due to resurfacing was determined by interferometric combinatio...