Mefloquine (MFQ), as a racemic mixture is used for the prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. Stereoselective pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic differences have been observed for MFQ. In the present study, the human blood was spiked with racemic MFQ. The concentration of MFQ enantiomers in various blood fractions including packed erythrocyte layer, platelet rich plasma and platelet poor...

Anammox bacteria perform anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and have a unique compartmentalized cell consisting of three membrane-bound compartments (from inside outwards): the anammoxosome, riboplasm, and paryphoplasm. The cell envelope of anammox bacteria has been proposed to deviate from typical bacterial cell envelopes by lacking both peptidoglycan and a typical outer membrane. However,...

Bacillus anthracis, the causal agent of anthrax, synthesizes two surface layer (S-layer) proteins, EA1 and Sap, which account for 5 to 10% of total protein and are expressed in vivo. A recombinant B. anthracis strain was constructed by integrating into the chromosome a translational fusion harboring the DNA fragments encoding the cell wall-targeting domain of the S-layer protein EA1 and tetanus...

Surface (S)-layer proteins are model systems for studying protein glycosylation in bacteria and simultaneously hold promises for the design of novel, glyco-functionalized modules for nanobiotechnology due to their 2D self-assembly capability. Understanding the mechanism governing S-layer glycan biosynthesis in the Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus alvei CCM 2051T is necessary for the tailor...

The nucleotide sequence encoding the crystalline bacterial cell surface (S-layer) protein SbpA of Bacillus sphaericus CCM 2177 was determined by a PCR-based technique using four overlapping fragments. The entire sbpA sequence indicated one open reading frame of 3,804 bp encoding a protein of 1,268 amino acids with a theoretical molecular mass of 132,062 Da and a calculated isoelectric point of ...

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. This is widely distributed through Iran, where a variety of animals act as intermediate host. The immunogenic antigens (Ag) of different compartments of the hydatid cyst have been already determined. One of these compartments is the laminated layer (LL). We have extracted a protein with the MW of 2...

We developed surface modification tools for the fabrication of a bioelectronic device which consists of a myoglobin monolayer self-assembled on an 11-MUA layer. To utilize a single protein as the active element, it was necessary to reduce protein aggregation on the protein layer in the nanobio electronic device, which was developed in our previous study and shown to display basic biomemory func...

Many archaeal cell envelopes contain a protein coat or sheath composed of one or more surface exposed proteins. These surface layer (S-layer) proteins contribute structural integrity and protect the lipid membrane from environmental challenges. To explore the species diversity of these layers in the Methanosarcinaceae, the major S-layer protein in Methanosarcina barkeri strain Fusaro was identi...