The traditional network is layered designed. Most network architectures of the radio network are also layered. There are four layers for the radio networks, the physical layer, the link layer, the network layer and the application layer. In the layered design, each layer just is responsible for its own task. This can make the design more easily, and the network architecture adapted more applica...

Software structuring techniques aim to make systems easier to develop and maintain, increasing their quality. Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD) and Software Architectural Styles are examples of such techniques. In spite of all the benefits of such structuring techniques, it is not always easy or even advantageous to integrate two or more of these techniques. For example, the effects o...

Abstract. In this paper, a hierarchical system architecture for singleagent multi-modal systems is proposed. The layered system is designed to promote proof obligations so that system specification at one level of granularity conforms with that at another level and vice versa. The design principle for the construction of the hierarchy is based on bisimulation with respect to reachability specif...

When security of a given network architecture is not properly designed from the beginning, it is difficult to preserve confidentiality, authenticity, integrity and nonrepudiation in practical networks. Unlike traditional mobile wireless networks, ad hoc networks rely on individual nodes to keep all the necessary interconnections alive. In this article we investigate the principal security issue...

Persistent threads are a database programming concept particularly well-suited for a.pplications that manage long-term, distributed or cooperative activities. We introduce persistent threads as a novel form of bindings from data in persistent object stores to activated code and relate them to existing binding concepts found in database programming. We also describe the integration of persistent...

Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract The Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP) provides a data exchange format for trading purposes while integrating existing pure payment protocols seamlessly. This motivates the multiple layered system architecture wh...

As robot control systems are traditionally closed, it is difficult to add supplementary intelligence. Accordingly, as based on a new notion of user views, a layered system architecture is proposed. Bearing in mind such industrial demands as computing efficiency and simple factory-floor operation, the control layers are parameterized by means of functional operators consisting of pieces of compi...

The evolution of Web technologies leads to software premature obsolescence requiring technology-independent representations increase the reuse rates during development process. They also require integration into service-oriented architectures exchange information with different systems supporting runtime interoperability. Applications (WebApps) run on devices capabilities and limitations increa...