Energy consumption and security has become a primary concern in a Wireless Sensor Network. In multi-hop communications, nodes that are near a sink tend to become congested as they are responsible for forwarding data from nodes that are farther away. Thus, the closer a sensor node is to a sink, the faster its battery runs out, whereas those farther away may maintain more energy. This leads to no...

LEACH in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) achieves good performance with reserving energy consumption and decreasing system delay. LEACH protocol does not consider a security issue for ensuring the protection of the network. So the security in LEACH is a complicated task. were we improved the LEACH protocol called a novel algorithm to select cluster heads with highest and balanced energy in wire...

<span lang="EN-US">Wireless sensor networks are an innovative and rapidly advanced network occupying the broad spectrum of wireless networks. It works on principle “use with less expense, effort more comfort.” In these networks, routing provides efficient effective data transmission between different sources to access points using clustering technique. This work addresses low-energy adapt...

The limitation of sensors energy make efficiency still a priority issue in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology. One effort that can be done to overcome this problem is design the right data transmission path (or better known as routing). Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) one most widely used cluster-based routing protocols because it considered capable minimizing amount cons...

A wireless sensor network, consist of a large number of the sensor nodes, which are distributed in a particular area, that each of them has an ability to collect information from the environment and sending data collected to the base station.Wireless sensor networks are severely limited resources, limited resources, including the amount of energy, short communication range, low bandwidth,limite...

The Internet of Vehicles is increasingly becoming an indispensable platform to make interactions among vehicles, humans, and roadside infrastructures, it continuing evolve with improvements on its application scenarios service robustness. Academia industry have also been concerned the security issue (IoV). Blockchain technology provides a new solution improve IoV, has drawn increased attention....

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an emerging technology for monitoring physical world. Different from the traditional wireless networks and ad hoc networks, the energy constraint of WSNs makes energy saving become the most important goal of various routing algorithms. For this purpose, a cluster based routing algorithm LEACH (low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) has been proposed to org...