Lead acid batteries are one of the most commonly used batteries. Monitoring the performance parameters of the battery provides essential data useful for managing the batteries efficiently. This paper proposes a highly accurate and efficient battery monitoring system based on NI LabVIEW. As the calculations are done on computer, this system is faster than micro-controller based systems and provi...

Comparative, fully relativistic (FR), scalar relativistic (SR) and non-relativistic (NR) DFT calculations attribute about 30% of the mercury-battery voltage to relativity. The obtained percentage is smaller than for the lead-acid battery, but not negligible.