The development and antigen-dependent differentiation of B lymphocytes are orchestrated by an array of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines that require tight spatiotemporal regulation. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans specifically bind and regulate the bioavailability of soluble protein ligands, but their role in the immune system has remained largely unexplored. Modification of heparan sulf...

Interactions at the binding interface of biomolecular complexes are often mediated by ordered water molecules. In this work, we considered two concanavalin A-carbohydrate complexes. In the first, a water molecule is buried at the binding interface. In the second, this water molecule is displaced by a modification of the ligand (Clarke, C.; Woods, R. J.; Gluska, J.; Cooper, A.; Nutley, M. A.; Bo...

The results of decades of studies on the Phillips chromium (Cr)/silica polymerization catalyst are briefly summarized. The application of several characterization methods has allowed a detailed knowledge of the structure and reactivity of Cr centres to be obtained. In particular, many aspects of this apparently simple single-site catalyst, including the heterogeneity, the modification of the li...

Kringle 4, an elastase fragment of plasminogen which carries one of the homologous o-aminocarboxylic acidbinding sites of the protein, has been subjected to chemical modification to identify the residues essential for ligand binding. Modification of kringle 4 with 1,2-cyclohexanedione or l-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide has been found to abolish ligand binding as detected by the lo...

Adv. Energy Mater. 2020, 10, 1903696 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201903696 In the originally published manuscript, on Page 4, a number of errors related to binding energies were made. The corrected text is below, Figure S4a (Supporting Information) shows peaks corresponding S-2p3/2 and S-2p1/2 with at 164.13 165.29 eV, respectively.[17] Pb2+-4f7/2 Pb2+-4f5/2 derived from first scan determined be 138.63 1...

We have investigated the involvement of metal ions and conformational changes in the elimination reaction catalysed by type II dehydroquinase from Aspergillus nidulans. Mechanistic comparisons between dehydroquinases and aldolases raised the possibility that, by analogy with type II aldolases, type II dehydroquinases may require bivalent metal ions for activity. This hypothesis was tested by a ...