We consider the complexity of a discourse in human language that cannot be attributed to the knowledge of a single sentence. A simple recurrent neural network model called coupled dynamical recognizers is proposed to simulate the situation where two agents alternately make a model to imitate the conversation, predict the next utterance of the other speaker, and speak to each other. In speech pr...

An eye-tracking methodology was used to explore adults' and children's use of two utterance-based cues to overcome referential uncertainty in real time. Participants were first introduced to two characters with distinct color preferences. These characters then produced fluent ("Look! Look at the blicket.") or disfluent ("Look! Look at thee, uh, blicket.") instructions referring to novel objects...

It has been suggested that conversation partners use and interpret both auditory and visual features as markers of the end of an utterance. Previous work on languages like Dutch and English have shown that speakers and listeners rely on prosodic cues such as boundary tones and eyegaze aversion to pre-signal finality in an utterance. However, little is known about how listeners of different ling...

This paper proposes a combination of source-normalized weighted linear discriminant analysis (SN-WLDA) and short utterance variance (SUV) PLDA modelling to improve the short utterance PLDA speaker verification. As short-length utterance i-vectors vary with the speaker, session variations and phonetic content of the utterance (utterance variation), a combined approach of SN-WLDA projection and S...

Kur’ân’ın kastedilen anlamlarının anlaşılması öncelikle âyetleri oluşturan lafızların delâletlerini doğru tespit etmeye bağlıdır. Zira Kur’ân’da yer alan anlamlarına delâletleri farklılık arz eder. Maksûd kapalılıklarına göre bir hiyerarşi vardır. Bazı lafızlar birden fazla anlama muhtemeldir. Bunlara müşkil denilir. Müşkil en belirgin özelliği ihtilafa, farklı anlayışlara kapısının açık olması...

will is the basis and foundation of contracts and possessions; almost without which no contract and possession can take the religious and legal affects. heart is the place of will, and because will has a high dignity, it cannot attributed to any matter unless it is declared and manifested. silence is one of the means of interpretation of the will. it, like utterance, scribe, deed and gesture, h...

The paper presents a series of experiments on speech utterance classification performed on the ATIS corpus. We compare the performance of n-gram classifiers with that of Naive Bayes and maximum entropy classifiers. The n-gram classifiers have the advantage that one can use a single pass system (concurrent speech recognition and classification) whereas for Naive Bayes or maximum entropy classifi...

This paper presents the results of an analysis of user reactions towards system failures in turn-taking in human-computer dialogues. When a system utterance and a user utterance start with a small time difference, the user may stop his/her utterance. In addition, when the user utterance ends soon after the overlap starts, the possibility of the utterance being discontinued is high. Based on thi...

It is unclear how the prosodic features in long spontaneous speech change. We focused on the F0 declination of an utterance to investigate the F0 transition by taking into consideration the length and syntactic structure of a Japanese utterance. In the case of an utterance without a strong syntactic boundary, the F0 range is fixed to a certain width, and the F0s decline toward the end of the ut...