The previous chapter has presented a brief picture of world agriculture from an international perspective. Decisions on policy are taken generally at a national level, but nations are cennected internationally by trade. This both constrains and enlarges the scope for national action. In this chapter we begin to develop an analytical framework for looking at intercountry interdependence. The foc...

At the time of independence majority of Indians were poor. In spite of spending over 80 per cent of their income on food, they could not get adequate food. Living in areas of poor environmental sanitation they had high morbidity due to infections; nutrition toll due to infections was high because of poor access to health care. As a result, majority of Indians especially children were undernouri...

transform motion . In this paper we investigate what it means for a program to "understand" a linkage. Our system extracts its understanding by analyzing the results of a numerical simulation of the mechanism, finding interesting qualitative features, looking for symbolic relationships between these features and conjecturing a causal relationship between them . Our system is capable of understa...

Bollobás and Thomason showed that every 22k-connected graph is k-linked. Their result used a dense graph minor. In this paper we investigate the ties between small graph minors and linkages. In particular, we show that a 6-connected graph with a K− 9 minor is 3-linked. Further, we show that a 7-connected graph with a K− 9 minor is (2, 5)-linked. Finally, we show that a graph of order n and size...

An important aspect of qualitative spatial reasoning is understanding mechanisms . This paper presents a qualitative analysis of motion for mechanical linkages . In particular, we describe how to analyze the behavior of a mechanism which has a movable axis . The basic idea of our approach is to represent relative motions of the link in terms of quadrants (qualitatively representing the directio...

The paper studies the correlations between FDI in services and manufacturing efficiencies in host countries. First a theoretical analysis is presented on the direct and indirect channels through which FDI in services enhances manufacturing efficiencies in host countries. Then the forward linkages and backward linkages between FDI in services and manufacturing sector in host countries are tested...

Conservationists have frequently touted the merits of increased landscape connectivity, usually focusing on the effi cacy of conservation linkages (corridors) for maintaining viable populations of target species. An often-mentioned, but still greatly understudied, concern is that increased landscape connectivity via linkages may also aid the movement of undesired species. Th is paper provides c...

Automated glycan assembly (AGA) has advanced from a concept to a commercial technology that rapidly provides access to diverse oligosaccharide chains as long as 30-mers. To date, AGA was mainly employed to incorporate trans-glycosidic linkages, where C2 participating protecting groups ensure stereoselective couplings. Stereocontrol during the installation of cis-glycosidic linkages cannot rely ...