Dark Energy is currently one of the biggest mysteries in science. In this article the origin of the concept is traced as far back as Newton and Hooke in the seventeenth century. Newton considered, along with the inverse square law, a force of attraction that varies linearly with distance. A direct link can be made between this term and Einstein’s cosmological constant, Λ , and this leads to a p...

In this paper, we discuss the capacity region of the deterministic Y-channel with private and common messages. Each user aims to deliver two private messages to the other two users in addition to a common message directed towards both of them. As there is no direct link between the users, all messages must pass through the relay. We present outer-bounds on the rate region using genie aided and ...

Introduction Conclusions References

Capability indices measure the performance of a process. Although process yield is the primary focus on the performance criteria, the " ( , ) p C u v indices combine process yield and process centering. With this compromise, there is no direct link between the process yield and these indices, but literature provides lower and upper bounds for the process yield. However errors in the proposed re...

Research emerging from different fields of organizational analysis has linked both market orientation and strategic human resource management (SHRM) to organizational performance. Although both concepts are premised on the management of organizational culture, no study has investigated their interrelationship or the dynamics between the two concepts and organizational performance. The findings ...

Background: Immobilization is an approach in industry to improve stability and reusability of urease. The efficiency of this technique depends on the type of membrane and the method of stabilization. Methods: The PEI-modified egg shell membrane was used to immobilize urease by absorption and glutaraldehyde cross-linking methods. The membranes were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared sp...

the aim of this study was to develop an extended-release tablet formulation using a new in situ cross-linking method. the effects of polyvalent cations on theophylline release from tablets made with the polyanionic polymers sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, were investigated. different miliequivalents of the di and tri-valent cation, ca2+ and al3+, were added to tablet formulat...

purpose: to evaluate densitometry of crystalline lens after cxl procedure in keratoconic patients. methods: in a quasi-experimental study three-dimensional lens densitometry was performed by pentacam scheimpflug camera at base line and 6 months later. subject group contained patients with diagnosed progressive keratoconus who underwent cxl surgery (n = 40). control group contained aged-matched ...

purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of corneal collagen cross-linking with uv-a and riboflavin (cxl) for treatment of refractory herpes simplex virus necrotizing keratitis. case reports: two patients with a diagnosis of hsv necrotizing stromal keratitis referred to khalili hospital eye emergency room and who were resistant to conventional treatment underwent cxl. response to treatment was ev...

background chitosan is a naturally occurring biopolymer which has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications including local antibiotic delivery due to its excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility. beads are spherical, porous carriers which are prepared from various materials including chitosan. objectives the current study aimed to fabricate a new co...