In this study, liquid-liquid extraction process in a Kuhni extraction column was modeled and simulated. A non-equilibrium dynamic model was developed for modeling liquid-liquid extraction processes based on a rate-based model. The model equations are inclusive of partial and ordinary differential equations which were discretized in column height direction. The population balance model was used ...

a direct and an efficient conversion of a wide range of primary, secondary even tertiary alcohols to the corresponding iodides have been achieved under ionic liquid conditions. the method involves preparation of ionic liquid-based iminium chloride intermediate from dmf-like ionic liquid then stirring it with alcohol in present of sodium iodide. the higher yields of alkyl iodides were obtained w...

Liquid sloshing is a common phenomenon in the transporting of liquid tanks. Liquid waves lead to fluctuating forces on the tank wall. If these fluctuations are not predicted or controlled, they can lead to large forces and momentum. Baffles can control liquid sloshing fluctuations. One numerical method, widely used to model the liquid sloshing phenomena is Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)....

A novel stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic assay method was developed and validated for valacyclovir in the presence of degradation products generated from forced decomposition studies. A Hypersil ODS C-18 (250 x 4.6 mm, packed with 5 micron) column in an isocratic mode with the mobile phase acetonitrile: phosphate buffer (pH3.6) (50:50%v/v) was used. The flow rate was...

This paper describes potential applications of computer-assisted chemometrics in method development in liquid chromatography. These include modeling of retention (isocratic, gradient, molecular modeling, artificial neural networks), assessment of separation (peak capacity), single and multiple objective optimization approach, advanced optimization algorithms (genetic algorithms, simulated annea...

a simple, novel, efficient and three-component procedure for the synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives by the reaction of 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil, aldehyde and 2-benzylisothiourea hydrochloride promoted by ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([bmim]br) under solvent-free conditions is reported. the presented method is benefited from operational simplicity,...

Background and Objectives: Furfural (F) and hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) are cyclic aldehydes, which are formed during the heat processing of foods. These chemical contaminants have received much attention due to their suspected health hazards and heat damage indicators. The aim of the present study was extraction and determination of F and HMF in baby-foods using dispersive liquid-liquid micro...

in this paper, direct numerical simulation of two-phase incompressible gas-liquid flow for simulation of bubble motion in a microtube is presented. microtube radius is 10 µm. the interface is tracked using volume of fluid (vof) method with continuous surface force (csf) model. the flow is solved using a finite volume scheme, based on piso algorithm. numerical simulation is performed on a axisym...

a method for predicting liquid densities of binary mixtures from heat of vaporization and liquid densityat boiling point temperature (δhvap and n b ρ ) as scaling constants, is presented. b2(t) follows a promisingcorresponding-states principle. calculation of α(t) and b(t), the two other temperature-dependentconstants of the equation of state, are made possible by scaling. as a result δhvap and...